{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1908-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418150.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829685.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.6708,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.9312,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.2604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2604},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":99.9312,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5978},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":201.6019},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418150.770833,"ahargana":1829685.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5758,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.968615,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.015015,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.933},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":111.43051500000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":83.56201499999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":118.54001500000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":73.89791500000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":348.800715,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":74.4693,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":254.4693,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418150.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829685.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":101.6708,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":99.9312,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":358.2604,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2604},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":99.9312,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.5978},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":201.6019},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.933,"elongation":1.74},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.933,"opposition_distance":178.26}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-14,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.093,"opposition_distance":0.89}]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:24","sunsetLocal":"19:37","solarNoonLocal":"13:00","dayLengthHours":13.215238444266962,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:12","moonsetLocal":"19:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:19","end":"17:58","startHours":16.30874215567343,"endHours":17.9606469612068,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:42","end":"11:21","startHours":9.701122933539946,"endHours":11.353027739073317,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004932544606687,"endHours":14.656837350140057,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:55","startHours":9.48086895946883,"endHours":9.921376907611062,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:57","end":"07:18","startHours":6.947948257650996,"endHours":7.300354616164782,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:34","end":"13:27","startHours":12.564424596464455,"endHours":13.445440492748919,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:31","startHours":4.635281529904278,"endHours":5.516297426188742,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:18","end":"06:24","startHours":5.296043452117626,"endHours":6.397313322473206,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:12","end":"16:05","startHours":15.207472285317849,"endHours":16.08848818160231,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:25","end":"19:49","startHours":19.41255176674017,"endHours":19.812551766740167,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:37","end":"20:10","startHours":19.612551766740168,"endHours":20.163186701917958,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:22","end":"21:07","startHours":19.362551766740168,"endHours":21.112551766740168,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:34","end":"01:27","startHours":24.564424596464455,"endHours":25.445440492748922,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:24","end":"08:03","startHours":6.397313322473206,"endHours":8.049218128006576,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:03","end":"09:42","startHours":8.049218128006576,"endHours":9.701122933539946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:42","end":"11:21","startHours":9.701122933539946,"endHours":11.353027739073317,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:21","end":"13:00","startHours":11.353027739073317,"endHours":13.004932544606687,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:00","end":"14:39","startHours":13.004932544606687,"endHours":14.656837350140057,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:39","end":"16:19","startHours":14.656837350140057,"endHours":16.30874215567343,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:19","end":"17:58","startHours":16.30874215567343,"endHours":17.9606469612068,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:58","end":"19:37","startHours":17.9606469612068,"endHours":19.612551766740168,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:37","end":"20:58","startHours":19.612551766740168,"endHours":20.9606469612068,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:58","end":"22:19","startHours":20.9606469612068,"endHours":22.30874215567343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:19","end":"23:39","startHours":22.30874215567343,"endHours":23.65683735014006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:39","end":"01:00","startHours":23.65683735014006,"endHours":25.00493254460669,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:00","end":"02:21","startHours":25.00493254460669,"endHours":26.35302773907332,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:21","end":"03:42","startHours":26.35302773907332,"endHours":27.701122933539946,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:42","end":"05:03","startHours":27.701122933539946,"endHours":29.049218128006576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:03","end":"06:24","startHours":29.049218128006576,"endHours":30.397313322473206,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.397313322473206,"endHours":7.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.397313322473206,"endHours":8.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.397313322473206,"endHours":9.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.397313322473206,"endHours":10.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.397313322473206,"endHours":11.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.397313322473206,"endHours":12.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.397313322473206,"endHours":13.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.397313322473206,"endHours":14.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.397313322473206,"endHours":15.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.397313322473206,"endHours":16.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.397313322473206,"endHours":17.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.397313322473206,"endHours":18.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.397313322473206,"endHours":19.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.397313322473206,"endHours":20.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.397313322473206,"endHours":21.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.397313322473206,"endHours":22.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.397313322473206,"endHours":23.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.397313322473206,"endHours":24.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.397313322473206,"endHours":25.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.397313322473206,"endHours":26.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.397313322473206,"endHours":27.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.397313322473206,"endHours":28.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.397313322473206,"endHours":29.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":29.397313322473206,"endHours":30.397313322473206,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.12359468985767,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":22.5758}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 1908 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 1908 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:24, sūryāsta 19:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1908-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T18:12:30.598Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T18:12:30.598Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T18:12:30.598Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}