{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:dwarka:1901-03-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1901-03-16","date_display":"March 16, 1901 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415459.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826994.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.6998,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.4954,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.7956,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7956},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.4954,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.8287},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.1952},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1901,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415459.770833,"ahargana":1826994.2708,"kali_year":5002,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.4729,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.29253100000005,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.9156310000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.7918},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":124.31483100000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":318.412731,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":258.924131,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":321.895931,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":263.789231,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":217.0514,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":37.0514,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1901,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2415459.770833,"kali_year":5002,"ahargana":1826994.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.6998,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.4954,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.7956,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7956},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":274.4954,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.8287},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":247.1952},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.792,"elongation":58.204},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.792,"opposition_distance":121.796}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"dwarka","name":"Dvārakā","lat":22.2393,"lon":68.9686,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"19:04","solarNoonLocal":"13:03","dayLengthHours":12.006644415640206,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 00 Mins 24 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 59 Mins 36 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:36","moonsetLocal":"14:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:03","end":"11:33","startHours":10.056425565114381,"endHours":11.557256117069405,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:34","end":"16:04","startHours":14.558917220979458,"endHours":16.059747772934482,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:33","startHours":7.0547644612043285,"endHours":8.555595013159355,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:51","end":"10:15","startHours":9.85631482485371,"endHours":10.25653630537505,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:53","startHours":7.555041311856003,"endHours":7.875218496273075,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:39","end":"13:27","startHours":12.657865188503092,"endHours":13.458308149545772,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:27","end":"06:15","startHours":5.453878539118968,"endHours":6.254321500161648,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":6.054210759900978,"endHours":7.0547644612043285,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"15:04","end":"15:52","startHours":15.059194071631133,"endHours":15.859637032673813,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:52","end":"19:16","startHours":18.861408876844536,"endHours":19.261408876844534,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:04","end":"19:34","startHours":19.061408876844535,"endHours":19.56168572749621,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:49","end":"20:34","startHours":18.811408876844535,"endHours":20.561408876844535,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:39","end":"01:27","startHours":24.657865188503095,"endHours":25.458308149545772,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:33","startHours":7.0547644612043285,"endHours":8.555595013159355,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:33","end":"10:03","startHours":8.555595013159355,"endHours":10.056425565114381,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:03","end":"11:33","startHours":10.056425565114381,"endHours":11.557256117069405,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:33","end":"13:03","startHours":11.557256117069405,"endHours":13.058086669024432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:03","end":"14:34","startHours":13.058086669024432,"endHours":14.558917220979458,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:34","end":"16:04","startHours":14.558917220979458,"endHours":16.059747772934482,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:04","end":"17:34","startHours":16.059747772934482,"endHours":17.56057832488951,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:34","end":"19:04","startHours":17.56057832488951,"endHours":19.061408876844535,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"19:04","end":"20:34","startHours":19.061408876844535,"endHours":20.56057832488951,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:34","end":"22:04","startHours":20.56057832488951,"endHours":22.059747772934482,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:04","end":"23:34","startHours":22.059747772934482,"endHours":23.55891722097946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:34","end":"01:03","startHours":23.55891722097946,"endHours":25.058086669024433,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:03","end":"02:33","startHours":25.058086669024433,"endHours":26.557256117069407,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:33","end":"04:03","startHours":26.557256117069407,"endHours":28.05642556511438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:03","end":"05:33","startHours":28.05642556511438,"endHours":29.555595013159355,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:33","end":"07:03","startHours":29.555595013159355,"endHours":31.05476446120433,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.0547644612043285,"endHours":8.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.054764461204329,"endHours":9.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.054764461204329,"endHours":10.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.054764461204329,"endHours":11.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.054764461204329,"endHours":12.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.054764461204329,"endHours":13.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.054764461204329,"endHours":14.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.054764461204329,"endHours":15.054764461204329,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.054764461204329,"endHours":16.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.05476446120433,"endHours":17.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.05476446120433,"endHours":18.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.05476446120433,"endHours":19.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.05476446120433,"endHours":20.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.05476446120433,"endHours":21.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.05476446120433,"endHours":22.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.05476446120433,"endHours":23.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.05476446120433,"endHours":24.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.05476446120433,"endHours":25.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.05476446120433,"endHours":26.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.05476446120433,"endHours":27.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.05476446120433,"endHours":28.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.05476446120433,"endHours":29.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.05476446120433,"endHours":30.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.05476446120433,"endHours":31.05476446120433,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-2.079519485835117,"eotMinutes":-9.359600141465874,"ayanamsa":22.4729}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1958,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1823,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1308,"malayalam_era":1077,"nanakshahi_year":432,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 1958 Ānanda · Śaka 1823 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"papamochani-ekadashi","name":"Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पापमोचनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes mahā-pātakas (great sins).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"dwarka"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 16, 1901 CE · Dvārakā · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 16, 1901 CE for Dvārakā: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 19:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/dwarka/1901-03-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T02:36:05.678Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T02:36:05.678Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T02:36:05.678Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}