{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:cuttack:2025-07-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-26","date_display":"July 26, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460882.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872417.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.5617,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":115.8746,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":17.313,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.313},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":115.8746,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.208},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":214.4363},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460882.770833,"ahargana":1872417.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2101,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.12233900000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":114.72643900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5437},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.05633899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":108.60433899999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":76.127339,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":59.50523900000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.655039,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.3223,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.3223,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460882.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872417.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.5617,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":115.8746,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":17.313,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.313},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":115.8746,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.208},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":214.4363},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.544,"elongation":17.313},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.544,"opposition_distance":162.687}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:19","sunsetLocal":"18:27","solarNoonLocal":"11:53","dayLengthHours":13.134176911003564,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:29","moonsetLocal":"19:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:36","end":"10:14","startHours":8.594023297976452,"endHours":10.235795411851896,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:31","end":"15:10","startHours":13.519339639602787,"endHours":15.161111753478234,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:19","end":"06:57","startHours":5.31047907022556,"endHours":6.952251184101006,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:23","end":"08:49","startHours":8.375120349459726,"endHours":8.812926246493177,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:51","end":"06:12","startHours":5.857736441517376,"endHours":6.207981159144137,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:26","end":"12:19","startHours":11.43976162869389,"endHours":12.315373422760796,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:34","end":"04:26","startHours":3.5592554820917517,"endHours":4.4348672761586565,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:13","end":"05:19","startHours":4.21596432764193,"endHours":5.31047907022556,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:04","end":"14:57","startHours":14.066597010894604,"endHours":14.942208804961508,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:15","end":"18:39","startHours":18.244655981229126,"endHours":18.644655981229125,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:27","end":"19:00","startHours":18.444655981229126,"endHours":18.99191335252094,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:57","startHours":18.194655981229126,"endHours":19.944655981229126,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:26","end":"00:19","startHours":23.43976162869389,"endHours":24.315373422760796,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:19","end":"06:57","startHours":5.31047907022556,"endHours":6.952251184101006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:57","end":"08:36","startHours":6.952251184101006,"endHours":8.594023297976452,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:36","end":"10:14","startHours":8.594023297976452,"endHours":10.235795411851896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:14","end":"11:53","startHours":10.235795411851896,"endHours":11.877567525727343,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:53","end":"13:31","startHours":11.877567525727343,"endHours":13.519339639602787,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:31","end":"15:10","startHours":13.519339639602787,"endHours":15.161111753478234,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:10","end":"16:48","startHours":15.161111753478234,"endHours":16.80288386735368,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:48","end":"18:27","startHours":16.80288386735368,"endHours":18.444655981229126,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:27","end":"19:48","startHours":18.444655981229126,"endHours":19.80288386735368,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:48","end":"21:10","startHours":19.80288386735368,"endHours":21.161111753478234,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:10","end":"22:31","startHours":21.161111753478234,"endHours":22.51933963960279,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:31","end":"23:53","startHours":22.51933963960279,"endHours":23.877567525727343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:53","end":"01:14","startHours":23.877567525727343,"endHours":25.235795411851896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:14","end":"02:36","startHours":25.235795411851896,"endHours":26.594023297976452,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:36","end":"03:57","startHours":26.594023297976452,"endHours":27.95225118410101,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:57","end":"05:19","startHours":27.95225118410101,"endHours":29.31047907022556,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":5.31047907022556,"endHours":6.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.31047907022556,"endHours":7.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.31047907022556,"endHours":8.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.310479070225561,"endHours":9.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.310479070225561,"endHours":10.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.310479070225561,"endHours":11.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.310479070225561,"endHours":12.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.310479070225561,"endHours":13.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.310479070225561,"endHours":14.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.310479070225561,"endHours":15.310479070225561,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.310479070225561,"endHours":16.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.31047907022556,"endHours":17.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.31047907022556,"endHours":18.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.31047907022556,"endHours":19.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.31047907022556,"endHours":20.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.31047907022556,"endHours":21.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.31047907022556,"endHours":22.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.31047907022556,"endHours":23.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.31047907022556,"endHours":24.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.31047907022556,"endHours":25.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.31047907022556,"endHours":26.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.31047907022556,"endHours":27.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.31047907022556,"endHours":28.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.31047907022556,"endHours":29.31047907022556,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.40868083557316,"eotMinutes":-6.185251543640582,"ayanamsa":24.2101}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"cuttack"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 26, 2025 CE · Cuttack, Odisha · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 26, 2025 CE for Cuttack, Odisha: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:19, sūryāsta 18:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2025-07-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:11:11.915Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:11:11.915Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:11:11.915Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}