{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:cuttack:2024-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460310.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871845.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.6104,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.8865,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.276,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.276},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.8865,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5531},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.4969},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460310.770833,"ahargana":1871845.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1883,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.90709300000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":132.33719299999996,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2214},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.87469299999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":237.62889300000006,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":11.41069299999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":218.143593,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":309.1547929999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":0.6296,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":180.6296,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460310.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871845.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.6104,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":134.8865,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.276,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.276},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":134.8865,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.5531},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":30.4969},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.221,"elongation":120.724},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.221,"opposition_distance":59.276}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:23","sunsetLocal":"17:18","solarNoonLocal":"11:50","dayLengthHours":10.912077096580482,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 54 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 05 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:20","moonsetLocal":"09:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:45","end":"09:06","startHours":7.744204060838919,"endHours":9.108213697911479,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:28","end":"11:50","startHours":10.47222333498404,"endHours":11.8362329720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:12","end":"14:34","startHours":13.200242609129159,"endHours":14.56425224620172,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:17","startHours":8.926345746301804,"endHours":9.290081649521154,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:08","startHours":6.834864302790545,"endHours":7.125853025366025,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:12","startHours":11.47249706883725,"endHours":12.19996887527595,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:56","end":"05:39","startHours":4.9252508108889606,"endHours":5.65272261732766,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:23","startHours":5.470854665717985,"endHours":6.380194423766358,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:39","end":"14:23","startHours":13.654912488153347,"endHours":14.382384294592045,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:06","end":"17:30","startHours":17.09227152034684,"endHours":17.49227152034684,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:18","end":"17:45","startHours":17.29227152034684,"endHours":17.74694139937103,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:03","end":"18:48","startHours":17.04227152034684,"endHours":18.79227152034684,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:12","startHours":23.47249706883725,"endHours":24.19996887527595,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:23","end":"07:45","startHours":6.380194423766358,"endHours":7.744204060838919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:45","end":"09:06","startHours":7.744204060838919,"endHours":9.108213697911479,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:06","end":"10:28","startHours":9.108213697911479,"endHours":10.47222333498404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:28","end":"11:50","startHours":10.47222333498404,"endHours":11.8362329720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:50","end":"13:12","startHours":11.8362329720566,"endHours":13.200242609129159,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:12","end":"14:34","startHours":13.200242609129159,"endHours":14.56425224620172,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:34","end":"15:56","startHours":14.56425224620172,"endHours":15.928261883274281,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:56","end":"17:18","startHours":15.928261883274281,"endHours":17.29227152034684,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:18","end":"18:56","startHours":17.29227152034684,"endHours":18.92826188327428,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:56","end":"20:34","startHours":18.92826188327428,"endHours":20.56425224620172,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:34","end":"22:12","startHours":20.56425224620172,"endHours":22.20024260912916,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:12","end":"23:50","startHours":22.20024260912916,"endHours":23.8362329720566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:50","end":"01:28","startHours":23.8362329720566,"endHours":25.47222333498404,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:28","end":"03:06","startHours":25.47222333498404,"endHours":27.10821369791148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:06","end":"04:45","startHours":27.10821369791148,"endHours":28.744204060838918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:45","end":"06:23","startHours":28.744204060838918,"endHours":30.38019442376636,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:23","end":"07:23","startHours":6.380194423766358,"endHours":7.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:23","end":"08:23","startHours":7.380194423766358,"endHours":8.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:23","end":"09:23","startHours":8.380194423766358,"endHours":9.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:23","end":"10:23","startHours":9.380194423766358,"endHours":10.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:23","end":"11:23","startHours":10.380194423766358,"endHours":11.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:23","end":"12:23","startHours":11.380194423766358,"endHours":12.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:23","end":"13:23","startHours":12.380194423766358,"endHours":13.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:23","end":"14:23","startHours":13.380194423766358,"endHours":14.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:23","end":"15:23","startHours":14.380194423766358,"endHours":15.380194423766358,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:23","end":"16:23","startHours":15.380194423766358,"endHours":16.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:23","end":"17:23","startHours":16.38019442376636,"endHours":17.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:23","end":"18:23","startHours":17.38019442376636,"endHours":18.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:23","end":"19:23","startHours":18.38019442376636,"endHours":19.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:23","end":"20:23","startHours":19.38019442376636,"endHours":20.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:23","end":"21:23","startHours":20.38019442376636,"endHours":21.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:23","end":"22:23","startHours":21.38019442376636,"endHours":22.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:23","end":"23:23","startHours":22.38019442376636,"endHours":23.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:23","end":"00:23","startHours":23.38019442376636,"endHours":24.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:23","end":"01:23","startHours":24.38019442376636,"endHours":25.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:23","end":"02:23","startHours":25.38019442376636,"endHours":26.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:23","end":"03:23","startHours":26.38019442376636,"endHours":27.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:23","end":"04:23","startHours":27.38019442376636,"endHours":28.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:23","end":"05:23","startHours":28.38019442376636,"endHours":29.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:23","end":"06:23","startHours":29.38019442376636,"endHours":30.38019442376636,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.05250366747792,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":24.1883}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"cuttack"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 2024 CE · Cuttack, Odisha · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 2024 CE for Cuttack, Odisha: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:23, sūryāsta 17:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/2024-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:11:10.433Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:11:10.433Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:11:10.433Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}