{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:cuttack:1997-02-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-02-16","date_display":"February 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":2,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450495.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862030.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":303.7028,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":50.286,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.5832,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5832},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":50.286,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.286},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.9888},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":2,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450495.770833,"ahargana":1862030.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8129,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":303.591499,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.10919899999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2175},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":161.417099,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":286.427599,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":282.15239900000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":292.3567989999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":341.303399,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":160.6755,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":340.6755,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":2,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450495.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1862030.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":303.7028,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":50.286,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":106.5832,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.5832},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":50.286,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.286},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":353.9888},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":17,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.218,"elongation":106.583},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.218,"opposition_distance":73.417}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:16","sunsetLocal":"17:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":11.495707620308032,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 29 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 30 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:40","moonsetLocal":"01:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:46","startHours":16.327670500981448,"endHours":17.76463395351995,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:01","end":"13:27","startHours":12.016780143365935,"endHours":13.453743595904438,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:53","end":"16:20","startHours":14.890707048442941,"endHours":16.327670500981448,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:57","end":"09:20","startHours":8.951258111283792,"endHours":9.33444836529406,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:03","startHours":6.747914150724752,"endHours":7.054466353932966,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:38","end":"12:24","startHours":11.633589889355667,"endHours":12.399970397376203,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:30","startHours":4.7361653171708475,"endHours":5.502545825191382,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:16","startHours":5.310950698186248,"endHours":6.268926333211918,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:42","startHours":13.932731413417272,"endHours":14.699111921437808,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:34","end":"17:58","startHours":17.56463395351995,"endHours":17.96463395351995,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:46","end":"18:15","startHours":17.76463395351995,"endHours":18.243621771032785,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:31","end":"19:16","startHours":17.51463395351995,"endHours":19.26463395351995,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:38","end":"00:24","startHours":23.63358988935567,"endHours":24.3999703973762,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:16","end":"07:42","startHours":6.268926333211918,"endHours":7.705889785750422,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:42","end":"09:09","startHours":7.705889785750422,"endHours":9.142853238288925,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:09","end":"10:35","startHours":9.142853238288925,"endHours":10.57981669082743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:35","end":"12:01","startHours":10.57981669082743,"endHours":12.016780143365935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:01","end":"13:27","startHours":12.016780143365935,"endHours":13.453743595904438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:27","end":"14:53","startHours":13.453743595904438,"endHours":14.890707048442941,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:53","end":"16:20","startHours":14.890707048442941,"endHours":16.327670500981448,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:20","end":"17:46","startHours":16.327670500981448,"endHours":17.76463395351995,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:46","end":"19:20","startHours":17.76463395351995,"endHours":19.327670500981448,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:20","end":"20:53","startHours":19.327670500981448,"endHours":20.89070704844294,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:53","end":"22:27","startHours":20.89070704844294,"endHours":22.453743595904438,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:27","end":"00:01","startHours":22.453743595904438,"endHours":24.016780143365935,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:01","end":"01:35","startHours":24.016780143365935,"endHours":25.579816690827432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:35","end":"03:09","startHours":25.579816690827432,"endHours":27.14285323828893,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:09","end":"04:42","startHours":27.14285323828893,"endHours":28.705889785750422,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:42","end":"06:16","startHours":28.705889785750422,"endHours":30.26892633321192,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.268926333211918,"endHours":7.268926333211918,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.268926333211918,"endHours":8.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.268926333211919,"endHours":9.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.268926333211919,"endHours":10.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.268926333211919,"endHours":11.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.268926333211919,"endHours":12.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.268926333211919,"endHours":13.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.268926333211919,"endHours":14.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.268926333211919,"endHours":15.268926333211919,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.268926333211919,"endHours":16.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.26892633321192,"endHours":17.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.26892633321192,"endHours":18.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.26892633321192,"endHours":19.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.26892633321192,"endHours":20.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.26892633321192,"endHours":21.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.26892633321192,"endHours":22.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.26892633321192,"endHours":23.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.26892633321192,"endHours":24.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.26892633321192,"endHours":25.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.26892633321192,"endHours":26.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.26892633321192,"endHours":27.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.26892633321192,"endHours":28.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.26892633321192,"endHours":29.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.26892633321192,"endHours":30.26892633321192,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-12.372169787522107,"eotMinutes":-14.538008601956186,"ayanamsa":23.8129}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"cuttack"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 16, 1997 CE · Cuttack, Odisha · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 16, 1997 CE for Cuttack, Odisha: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:16, sūryāsta 17:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-02-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:17:01.052Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:17:01.052Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T07:17:01.052Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}