{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:cuttack:1997-01-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-01-13","date_display":"January 13, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.9584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":319.3667,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.4082,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4082},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":319.3667,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8116,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":269.078798,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":322.82679800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.7647},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.90099799999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":249.070698,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":274.224698,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":249.76639799999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":338.232798,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":162.477,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":342.477,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":1,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450461.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861996.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":268.9584,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":319.3667,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.4082,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.4082},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":319.3667,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.7},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.3251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.765,"elongation":50.408},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.765,"opposition_distance":129.592}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"cuttack","name":"Cuttack, Odisha","lat":20.4625,"lon":85.8828,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Odisha","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:25","sunsetLocal":"17:25","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":11.002015600091603,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 00 Mins 07 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 59 Mins 53 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:35","moonsetLocal":"21:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:48","end":"09:10","startHours":7.7926563414885415,"endHours":9.167908291499991,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:33","end":"11:55","startHours":10.543160241511442,"endHours":11.918412191522894,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:18","end":"14:40","startHours":13.293664141534343,"endHours":14.668916091545793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:59","end":"09:21","startHours":8.984541364831799,"endHours":9.351275218168185,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:10","startHours":6.8758217081475745,"endHours":7.169208790816684,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:33","end":"12:17","startHours":11.551678338186507,"endHours":12.28514604485928,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:57","end":"05:41","startHours":4.9504689781315445,"endHours":5.683936684804317,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:30","end":"06:25","startHours":5.500569758136124,"endHours":6.417404391477091,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:45","end":"14:29","startHours":13.752081458204827,"endHours":14.4855491648776,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:13","end":"17:37","startHours":17.219419991568696,"endHours":17.619419991568694,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:25","end":"17:53","startHours":17.419419991568695,"endHours":17.87783730823918,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:10","end":"18:55","startHours":17.169419991568695,"endHours":18.919419991568695,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:33","end":"00:17","startHours":23.551678338186505,"endHours":24.28514604485928,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:25","end":"07:48","startHours":6.417404391477091,"endHours":7.7926563414885415,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:48","end":"09:10","startHours":7.7926563414885415,"endHours":9.167908291499991,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:10","end":"10:33","startHours":9.167908291499991,"endHours":10.543160241511442,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:33","end":"11:55","startHours":10.543160241511442,"endHours":11.918412191522894,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:55","end":"13:18","startHours":11.918412191522894,"endHours":13.293664141534343,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:18","end":"14:40","startHours":13.293664141534343,"endHours":14.668916091545793,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:40","end":"16:03","startHours":14.668916091545793,"endHours":16.044168041557246,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:03","end":"17:25","startHours":16.044168041557246,"endHours":17.419419991568695,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"17:25","end":"19:03","startHours":17.419419991568695,"endHours":19.044168041557246,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:03","end":"20:40","startHours":19.044168041557246,"endHours":20.668916091545796,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:40","end":"22:18","startHours":20.668916091545796,"endHours":22.293664141534343,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:18","end":"23:55","startHours":22.293664141534343,"endHours":23.918412191522894,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:55","end":"01:33","startHours":23.918412191522894,"endHours":25.543160241511444,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:33","end":"03:10","startHours":25.543160241511444,"endHours":27.16790829149999,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:10","end":"04:48","startHours":27.16790829149999,"endHours":28.79265634148854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:48","end":"06:25","startHours":28.79265634148854,"endHours":30.417404391477092,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.417404391477091,"endHours":7.417404391477091,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.417404391477091,"endHours":8.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.417404391477092,"endHours":9.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.417404391477092,"endHours":10.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.417404391477092,"endHours":11.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.417404391477092,"endHours":12.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.417404391477092,"endHours":13.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.417404391477092,"endHours":14.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.417404391477092,"endHours":15.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.417404391477092,"endHours":16.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.417404391477092,"endHours":17.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.417404391477092,"endHours":18.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.417404391477092,"endHours":19.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.417404391477092,"endHours":20.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.417404391477092,"endHours":21.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.417404391477092,"endHours":22.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.417404391477092,"endHours":23.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.417404391477092,"endHours":24.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.417404391477092,"endHours":25.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.417404391477092,"endHours":26.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.417404391477092,"endHours":27.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.417404391477092,"endHours":28.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.417404391477092,"endHours":29.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":29.417404391477092,"endHours":30.417404391477092,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-21.49446052458877,"eotMinutes":-8.635931491373626,"ayanamsa":23.8116}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_eve_of_ingress":"Makara"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"cuttack"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 13, 1997 CE · Cuttack, Odisha · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 13, 1997 CE for Cuttack, Odisha: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:25, sūryāsta 17:25.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/cuttack/1997-01-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T04:50:24.561Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T04:50:24.561Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T04:50:24.561Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}