{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:colombo:2029-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2029-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2029 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462164.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873699.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.0531,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.9162,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":150.863,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.863},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.9162,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2495},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.9693},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2029,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462164.770833,"ahargana":1873699.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2592,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.132257,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":75.23355700000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.5852},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":167.449157,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.773057,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":182.830957,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":270.325657,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":10.602657000000022,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":262.3958,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":82.3958,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2029,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462164.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873699.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":284.0531,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":74.9162,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":150.863,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.863},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":74.9162,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2495},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.9693},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.585,"elongation":150.863},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.585,"opposition_distance":29.137}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"colombo","name":"Colombo, Sri Lanka","lat":6.9271,"lon":79.8612,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"country":"LK","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"colombo","name":"Colombo, Sri Lanka","lat":6.9271,"lon":79.8612,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"country":"LK","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:29","sunsetLocal":"18:18","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":11.813218405194482,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 48 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 11 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:13","moonsetLocal":"04:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:49","end":"18:18","startHours":16.822120769195696,"endHours":18.298773069845005,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:24","end":"13:52","startHours":12.392163867247763,"endHours":13.868816167897075,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:21","end":"16:49","startHours":15.345468468546384,"endHours":16.822120769195696,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:15","end":"09:38","startHours":9.241972292529237,"endHours":9.635746239369052,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:18","startHours":6.977772098200294,"endHours":7.292791255672147,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:47","startHours":11.998389920407947,"endHours":12.78593781408758,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:55","end":"05:42","startHours":4.910458877291259,"endHours":5.698006770970892,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:30","end":"06:29","startHours":5.501119797550984,"endHours":6.4855546646505235,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:09","startHours":14.361033601446845,"endHours":15.148581495126477,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:06","end":"18:30","startHours":18.098773069845006,"endHours":18.498773069845004,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:18","end":"18:47","startHours":18.298773069845005,"endHours":18.790990503394774,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:03","end":"19:48","startHours":18.048773069845005,"endHours":19.798773069845005,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:47","startHours":23.99838992040795,"endHours":24.78593781408758,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:29","end":"07:58","startHours":6.4855546646505235,"endHours":7.962206965299834,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:58","end":"09:26","startHours":7.962206965299834,"endHours":9.438859265949144,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:26","end":"10:55","startHours":9.438859265949144,"endHours":10.915511566598454,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:55","end":"12:24","startHours":10.915511566598454,"endHours":12.392163867247763,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:24","end":"13:52","startHours":12.392163867247763,"endHours":13.868816167897075,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:52","end":"15:21","startHours":13.868816167897075,"endHours":15.345468468546384,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:21","end":"16:49","startHours":15.345468468546384,"endHours":16.822120769195696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:49","end":"18:18","startHours":16.822120769195696,"endHours":18.298773069845005,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:18","end":"19:49","startHours":18.298773069845005,"endHours":19.822120769195696,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:49","end":"21:21","startHours":19.822120769195696,"endHours":21.345468468546386,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:21","end":"22:52","startHours":21.345468468546386,"endHours":22.868816167897073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:52","end":"00:24","startHours":22.868816167897073,"endHours":24.392163867247763,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:24","end":"01:55","startHours":24.392163867247763,"endHours":25.915511566598454,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:55","end":"03:26","startHours":25.915511566598454,"endHours":27.438859265949144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:26","end":"04:58","startHours":27.438859265949144,"endHours":28.962206965299835,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:58","end":"06:29","startHours":28.962206965299835,"endHours":30.48555466465052,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.4855546646505235,"endHours":7.4855546646505235,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.4855546646505235,"endHours":8.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.485554664650524,"endHours":9.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.485554664650524,"endHours":10.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.485554664650524,"endHours":11.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.485554664650524,"endHours":12.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.485554664650524,"endHours":13.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.485554664650524,"endHours":14.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.485554664650524,"endHours":15.485554664650524,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.485554664650524,"endHours":16.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.48555466465052,"endHours":17.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.48555466465052,"endHours":18.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.48555466465052,"endHours":19.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.48555466465052,"endHours":20.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.48555466465052,"endHours":21.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.48555466465052,"endHours":22.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.48555466465052,"endHours":23.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.48555466465052,"endHours":24.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.48555466465052,"endHours":25.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.48555466465052,"endHours":26.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.48555466465052,"endHours":27.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.48555466465052,"endHours":28.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.48555466465052,"endHours":29.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.48555466465052,"endHours":30.48555466465052,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.163951058225994,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":24.2592}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2086,"vikram_samvatsara":"Dundubhi","saka_samvat":1951,"saka_samvatsara":"Saumya","bengali_samvat":1436,"malayalam_era":1205,"nanakshahi_year":560,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2086 Dundubhi · Śaka 1951 Saumya"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"colombo"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2029 CE · Colombo, Sri Lanka · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2029 CE for Colombo, Sri Lanka: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:29, sūryāsta 18:18.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2029-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:10:01.337Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:10:01.337Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:10:01.337Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}