{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:colombo:2027-07-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2027-07-16","date_display":"July 16, 2027 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461602.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873137.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":88.5904,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":239.0435,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":150.4531,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.4531},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":239.0435,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3769},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":327.6339},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461602.770833,"ahargana":1873137.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2377,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.08832999999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":240.43692999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5986},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":155.87892999999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":67.98642999999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":123.50853000000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":81.28813000000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":3.143730000000005,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":292.1732,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":112.1732,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461602.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873137.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":88.5904,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":239.0435,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":150.4531,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.4531},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":239.0435,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.3769},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":327.6339},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.599,"elongation":150.453},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.599,"opposition_distance":29.547}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"colombo","name":"Colombo, Sri Lanka","lat":6.9271,"lon":79.8612,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"country":"LK","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"colombo","name":"Colombo, Sri Lanka","lat":6.9271,"lon":79.8612,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"country":"LK","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:02","sunsetLocal":"18:31","solarNoonLocal":"12:16","dayLengthHours":12.484640583556427,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 29 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 30 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:31","moonsetLocal":"04:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:16","startHours":10.710052270660064,"endHours":12.270632343604618,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:24","end":"16:57","startHours":15.391792489493724,"endHours":16.952372562438278,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:35","end":"09:09","startHours":7.588892124770957,"endHours":9.149472197715511,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:56","end":"09:21","startHours":8.941394854656236,"endHours":9.357549540774784,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:33","end":"06:53","startHours":6.548505409474588,"endHours":6.881429158369426,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:51","end":"12:41","startHours":11.85447765748607,"endHours":12.686787029723165,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:22","end":"05:12","startHours":4.363693307352213,"endHours":5.196002679589308,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:59","end":"06:02","startHours":4.987925336530035,"endHours":6.028312051826403,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:11","startHours":14.351405774197353,"endHours":15.183715146434448,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:19","end":"18:43","startHours":18.312952635382832,"endHours":18.71295263538283,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:31","end":"19:02","startHours":18.51295263538283,"endHours":19.033145993031017,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:16","end":"20:01","startHours":18.26295263538283,"endHours":20.01295263538283,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:51","end":"00:41","startHours":23.85447765748607,"endHours":24.686787029723167,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:02","end":"07:35","startHours":6.028312051826403,"endHours":7.588892124770957,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:35","end":"09:09","startHours":7.588892124770957,"endHours":9.149472197715511,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:09","end":"10:43","startHours":9.149472197715511,"endHours":10.710052270660064,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:43","end":"12:16","startHours":10.710052270660064,"endHours":12.270632343604618,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:16","end":"13:50","startHours":12.270632343604618,"endHours":13.831212416549171,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:50","end":"15:24","startHours":13.831212416549171,"endHours":15.391792489493724,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:24","end":"16:57","startHours":15.391792489493724,"endHours":16.952372562438278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:57","end":"18:31","startHours":16.952372562438278,"endHours":18.51295263538283,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:31","end":"19:57","startHours":18.51295263538283,"endHours":19.952372562438278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:57","end":"21:24","startHours":19.952372562438278,"endHours":21.391792489493724,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:24","end":"22:50","startHours":21.391792489493724,"endHours":22.83121241654917,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:50","end":"00:16","startHours":22.83121241654917,"endHours":24.270632343604618,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:16","end":"01:43","startHours":24.270632343604618,"endHours":25.710052270660064,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:43","end":"03:09","startHours":25.710052270660064,"endHours":27.14947219771551,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:09","end":"04:35","startHours":27.14947219771551,"endHours":28.588892124770958,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:35","end":"06:02","startHours":28.588892124770958,"endHours":30.028312051826404,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.028312051826403,"endHours":7.028312051826403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.028312051826403,"endHours":8.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.028312051826404,"endHours":9.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.028312051826404,"endHours":10.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.028312051826404,"endHours":11.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.028312051826404,"endHours":12.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.028312051826404,"endHours":13.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.028312051826404,"endHours":14.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.028312051826404,"endHours":15.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.028312051826404,"endHours":16.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.028312051826404,"endHours":17.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.028312051826404,"endHours":18.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.028312051826404,"endHours":19.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.028312051826404,"endHours":20.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.028312051826404,"endHours":21.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.028312051826404,"endHours":22.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.028312051826404,"endHours":23.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.028312051826404,"endHours":24.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.028312051826404,"endHours":25.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.028312051826404,"endHours":26.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.028312051826404,"endHours":27.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.028312051826404,"endHours":28.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.028312051826404,"endHours":29.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.028312051826404,"endHours":30.028312051826404,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.421395128078494,"eotMinutes":-5.682740616276977,"ayanamsa":24.2377}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2084,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raudra","saka_samvat":1949,"saka_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","bengali_samvat":1434,"malayalam_era":1203,"nanakshahi_year":558,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2084 Raudra · Śaka 1949 Plavaṅga"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Pradoṣa Vrata is not live yet; Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"colombo"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 16, 2027 CE · Colombo, Sri Lanka · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 16, 2027 CE for Colombo, Sri Lanka: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:02, sūryāsta 18:31.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/colombo/2027-07-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-26T09:15:35.588Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-26T09:15:35.588Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-26T09:15:35.588Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}