{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:coimbatore:2025-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1774,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.8672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8672},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.1774,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.844},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":281.4876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2103,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.90164800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":177.53654800000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1192},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":151.117948,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":105.11924799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":77.20774799999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":65.27074800000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.526448,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.0574,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.0574,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460887.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872422.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.3102,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":178.1774,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.8672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.8672},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":178.1774,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.844},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":281.4876},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.119,"elongation":74.867},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.119,"opposition_distance":105.133}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"coimbatore","name":"Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.0168,"lon":76.9558,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"coimbatore","name":"Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu","lat":11.0168,"lon":76.9558,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:10","sunsetLocal":"18:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":12.609819334069762,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 36 Mins 35 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 23 Mins 25 Secs","moonriseLocal":"11:27","moonsetLocal":"23:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:03","end":"15:37","startHours":14.0470303252979,"endHours":15.62325774205662,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:10","end":"07:45","startHours":6.165893241504299,"endHours":7.742120658263019,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:19","end":"10:54","startHours":9.318348075021738,"endHours":10.89457549178046,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:32","startHours":9.10818441945391,"endHours":9.52851173058957,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:02","startHours":6.691302380423872,"endHours":7.027564229332399,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:53","startHours":12.050475597403523,"endHours":12.891130219674839,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:29","end":"05:20","startHours":4.484583996961664,"endHours":5.325238619232981,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:07","end":"06:10","startHours":5.115074963665152,"endHours":6.165893241504299,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:25","startHours":14.572439464217474,"endHours":15.413094086488792,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:35","end":"18:59","startHours":18.575712575574062,"endHours":18.97571257557406,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:47","end":"19:18","startHours":18.77571257557406,"endHours":19.301121714493636,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:32","end":"20:17","startHours":18.52571257557406,"endHours":20.27571257557406,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:53","startHours":24.050475597403523,"endHours":24.89113021967484,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:10","end":"07:45","startHours":6.165893241504299,"endHours":7.742120658263019,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:45","end":"09:19","startHours":7.742120658263019,"endHours":9.318348075021738,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:19","end":"10:54","startHours":9.318348075021738,"endHours":10.89457549178046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:54","end":"12:28","startHours":10.89457549178046,"endHours":12.47080290853918,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:28","end":"14:03","startHours":12.47080290853918,"endHours":14.0470303252979,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:03","end":"15:37","startHours":14.0470303252979,"endHours":15.62325774205662,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"17:12","startHours":15.62325774205662,"endHours":17.199485158815342,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:12","end":"18:47","startHours":17.199485158815342,"endHours":18.77571257557406,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:47","end":"20:12","startHours":18.77571257557406,"endHours":20.199485158815342,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:12","end":"21:37","startHours":20.199485158815342,"endHours":21.623257742056623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:37","end":"23:03","startHours":21.623257742056623,"endHours":23.0470303252979,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:03","end":"00:28","startHours":23.0470303252979,"endHours":24.47080290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:28","end":"01:54","startHours":24.47080290853918,"endHours":25.89457549178046,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:54","end":"03:19","startHours":25.89457549178046,"endHours":27.31834807502174,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:19","end":"04:45","startHours":27.31834807502174,"endHours":28.74212065826302,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:45","end":"06:10","startHours":28.74212065826302,"endHours":30.1658932415043,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":6.165893241504299,"endHours":7.165893241504299,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.165893241504299,"endHours":8.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.1658932415043,"endHours":9.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.1658932415043,"endHours":10.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.1658932415043,"endHours":11.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.1658932415043,"endHours":12.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.1658932415043,"endHours":13.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.1658932415043,"endHours":14.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.1658932415043,"endHours":15.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.1658932415043,"endHours":16.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.1658932415043,"endHours":17.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.1658932415043,"endHours":18.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.1658932415043,"endHours":19.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.1658932415043,"endHours":20.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.1658932415043,"endHours":21.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.1658932415043,"endHours":22.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.1658932415043,"endHours":23.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.1658932415043,"endHours":24.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.1658932415043,"endHours":25.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.1658932415043,"endHours":26.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.1658932415043,"endHours":27.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.1658932415043,"endHours":28.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.1658932415043,"endHours":29.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.1658932415043,"endHours":30.1658932415043,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.236402823836965,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.2103}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"coimbatore"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2025 CE · Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2025 CE for Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:10, sūryāsta 18:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/coimbatore/2025-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:13:24.283Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T17:13:24.283Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T17:13:24.283Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}