{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2075-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2075-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2075 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2075,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2479146.770833,"kali_year":5177,"ahargana":1890681.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.5699,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.8111,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":185.2412,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2412},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.8111,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.8111},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.381},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2075,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2479146.770833,"ahargana":1890681.2708,"kali_year":5177,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.9087,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.25801999999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.98442,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.699},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":66.45222000000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":116.49691999999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":138.03112,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":98.79692,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.44992000000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":82.6077,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":262.6077,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2075,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2479146.770833,"kali_year":5177,"ahargana":1890681.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":99.5699,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.8111,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":185.2412,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2412},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.8111,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.8111},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":24.381},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.699,"elongation":174.759},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.699,"opposition_distance":5.241}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-15,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.029,"elongation":1.585}]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:40","sunsetLocal":"19:13","solarNoonLocal":"11:57","dayLengthHours":14.560281601361304,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 33 Mins 37 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 26 Mins 23 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:19","moonsetLocal":"05:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:24","end":"19:13","startHours":17.404931478450507,"endHours":19.22496667862067,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:57","end":"13:46","startHours":11.94482587794002,"endHours":13.764861078110183,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:35","end":"17:24","startHours":15.584896278280345,"endHours":17.404931478450507,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:04","end":"08:33","startHours":8.062084117577005,"endHours":8.547426837622382,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:16","end":"05:40","startHours":5.271363477316088,"endHours":5.659637653352389,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:28","end":"12:26","startHours":11.459483157894642,"endHours":12.430168597985396,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:43","end":"03:42","startHours":2.72331419707786,"endHours":3.6939996371686137,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:27","end":"04:40","startHours":3.4513282771459255,"endHours":4.664685077259367,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:21","startHours":14.371539478166902,"endHours":15.342224918257655,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:01","end":"19:25","startHours":19.02496667862067,"endHours":19.42496667862067,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:13","end":"19:50","startHours":19.22496667862067,"endHours":19.831645078677393,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:58","end":"20:43","startHours":18.97496667862067,"endHours":20.72496667862067,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:28","end":"00:26","startHours":23.459483157894642,"endHours":24.430168597985396,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:40","end":"06:29","startHours":4.664685077259367,"endHours":6.48472027742953,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"06:29","end":"08:18","startHours":6.48472027742953,"endHours":8.304755477599693,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:18","end":"10:07","startHours":8.304755477599693,"endHours":10.124790677769855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:07","end":"11:57","startHours":10.124790677769855,"endHours":11.94482587794002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:57","end":"13:46","startHours":11.94482587794002,"endHours":13.764861078110183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:46","end":"15:35","startHours":13.764861078110183,"endHours":15.584896278280345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:35","end":"17:24","startHours":15.584896278280345,"endHours":17.404931478450507,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:24","end":"19:13","startHours":17.404931478450507,"endHours":19.22496667862067,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:13","end":"20:24","startHours":19.22496667862067,"endHours":20.404931478450507,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:24","end":"21:35","startHours":20.404931478450507,"endHours":21.584896278280347,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:35","end":"22:46","startHours":21.584896278280347,"endHours":22.764861078110183,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:46","end":"23:57","startHours":22.764861078110183,"endHours":23.94482587794002,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:57","end":"01:07","startHours":23.94482587794002,"endHours":25.124790677769855,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:07","end":"02:18","startHours":25.124790677769855,"endHours":26.30475547759969,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:18","end":"03:29","startHours":26.30475547759969,"endHours":27.48472027742953,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:29","end":"04:40","startHours":27.48472027742953,"endHours":28.664685077259367,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":4.664685077259367,"endHours":5.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.664685077259367,"endHours":6.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.664685077259367,"endHours":7.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.664685077259367,"endHours":8.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.664685077259367,"endHours":9.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.664685077259367,"endHours":10.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.664685077259367,"endHours":11.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.664685077259367,"endHours":12.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.664685077259367,"endHours":13.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.664685077259367,"endHours":14.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.664685077259367,"endHours":15.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.664685077259367,"endHours":16.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.664685077259367,"endHours":17.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.664685077259367,"endHours":18.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.664685077259367,"endHours":19.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.664685077259367,"endHours":20.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.664685077259367,"endHours":21.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.664685077259367,"endHours":22.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.664685077259367,"endHours":23.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.664685077259367,"endHours":24.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.664685077259367,"endHours":25.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.664685077259367,"endHours":26.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.664685077259367,"endHours":27.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.664685077259367,"endHours":28.664685077259367,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.973945866728535,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.9087}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2132,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1997,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1482,"malayalam_era":1251,"nanakshahi_year":606,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2132 Kīlaka · Śaka 1997 Manmatha"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2075 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2075 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 04:40, sūryāsta 19:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2075-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T20:14:42.792Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-03T20:14:42.792Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-03T20:14:42.792Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}