{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2027-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2027-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2027 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461433.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872968.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5594,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":174.3041,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":250.7447,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7447},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":174.3041,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9707},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.8634},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2027,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461433.770833,"ahargana":1872968.2708,"kali_year":5128,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2312,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.6367869999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":177.020987,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6008},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":133.771587,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":299.833487,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":119.395487,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":237.86348699999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":345.777287,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":301.1277,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":121.1277,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2027,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461433.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872968.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.5594,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":174.3041,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":250.7447,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.7447},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":174.3041,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9707},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":97.8634},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.601,"elongation":109.255},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.601,"opposition_distance":70.745}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:08","sunsetLocal":"16:59","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":9.864334728917449,"dayLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 51 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 08 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:24","moonsetLocal":"10:30","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:17","end":"14:31","startHours":13.291272375029113,"endHours":14.524314216143793,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:08","end":"08:22","startHours":7.1260631694557075,"endHours":8.359105010570389,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:36","end":"10:50","startHours":9.592146851685069,"endHours":10.82518869279975,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:26","end":"09:45","startHours":9.42774127286978,"endHours":9.75655243050036,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:48","startHours":7.5370771164939345,"endHours":7.8001260425984,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:44","end":"12:23","startHours":11.72941937628385,"endHours":12.387041691545015,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:49","end":"06:28","startHours":5.810818538933381,"endHours":6.468440854194545,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:18","end":"07:08","startHours":6.3040352753792535,"endHours":7.1260631694557075,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:42","end":"14:22","startHours":13.70228632206734,"endHours":14.359908637328504,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:47","end":"17:11","startHours":16.790397898373158,"endHours":17.190397898373156,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:59","end":"17:24","startHours":16.990397898373157,"endHours":17.401411845411385,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:44","end":"18:29","startHours":16.740397898373157,"endHours":18.490397898373157,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:44","end":"00:23","startHours":23.72941937628385,"endHours":24.387041691545015,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:08","end":"08:22","startHours":7.1260631694557075,"endHours":8.359105010570389,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:22","end":"09:36","startHours":8.359105010570389,"endHours":9.592146851685069,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:36","end":"10:50","startHours":9.592146851685069,"endHours":10.82518869279975,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:50","end":"12:03","startHours":10.82518869279975,"endHours":12.058230533914433,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:03","end":"13:17","startHours":12.058230533914433,"endHours":13.291272375029113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:17","end":"14:31","startHours":13.291272375029113,"endHours":14.524314216143793,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:31","end":"15:45","startHours":14.524314216143793,"endHours":15.757356057258477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:45","end":"16:59","startHours":15.757356057258477,"endHours":16.990397898373157,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:59","end":"18:45","startHours":16.990397898373157,"endHours":18.757356057258477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:45","end":"20:31","startHours":18.757356057258477,"endHours":20.524314216143793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:31","end":"22:17","startHours":20.524314216143793,"endHours":22.291272375029113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:17","end":"00:03","startHours":22.291272375029113,"endHours":24.058230533914433,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:03","end":"01:50","startHours":24.058230533914433,"endHours":25.825188692799752,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:50","end":"03:36","startHours":25.825188692799752,"endHours":27.592146851685072,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:36","end":"05:22","startHours":27.592146851685072,"endHours":29.35910501057039,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:22","end":"07:08","startHours":29.35910501057039,"endHours":31.12606316945571,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.1260631694557075,"endHours":8.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.126063169455708,"endHours":9.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.126063169455708,"endHours":10.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.126063169455708,"endHours":11.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.126063169455708,"endHours":12.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.126063169455708,"endHours":13.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.126063169455708,"endHours":14.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.126063169455708,"endHours":15.126063169455708,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.126063169455708,"endHours":16.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.12606316945571,"endHours":17.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.12606316945571,"endHours":18.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.12606316945571,"endHours":19.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.12606316945571,"endHours":20.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.12606316945571,"endHours":21.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.12606316945571,"endHours":22.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.12606316945571,"endHours":23.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.12606316945571,"endHours":24.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.12606316945571,"endHours":25.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.12606316945571,"endHours":26.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.12606316945571,"endHours":27.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.12606316945571,"endHours":28.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.12606316945571,"endHours":29.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.12606316945571,"endHours":30.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":30.12606316945571,"endHours":31.12606316945571,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.299297569476167,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":24.2312}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2084,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raudra","saka_samvat":1949,"saka_samvatsara":"Plavaṅga","bengali_samvat":1434,"malayalam_era":1203,"nanakshahi_year":558,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2084 Raudra · Śaka 1949 Plavaṅga"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2027 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2027 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 07:08, sūryāsta 16:59.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2027-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:53:27.464Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:53:27.464Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T19:53:27.464Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}