{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2026-07-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-07-16","date_display":"July 16, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461237.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872772.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":88.8355,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":111.1917,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":22.3562,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3562},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":111.1917,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.525},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.0272},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461237.770833,"ahargana":1872772.2708,"kali_year":5128,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2237,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.33277499999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":111.91297499999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5613},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":47.552374999999984,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":84.14687500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":99.014275,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":132.38057500000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":350.480575,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.5127,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.5127,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461237.770833,"kali_year":5128,"ahargana":1872772.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":88.8355,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":111.1917,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":22.3562,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.3562},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":111.1917,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.525},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.0272},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.561,"elongation":22.356},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.561,"opposition_distance":157.644}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:29","sunsetLocal":"19:24","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":14.9119166274008,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 54 Mins 43 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 05 Mins 17 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:24","moonsetLocal":"20:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:48","end":"15:40","startHours":13.800688588696381,"endHours":15.664678167121483,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"04:29","end":"06:21","startHours":4.480740696570883,"endHours":6.344730274995983,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:13","end":"10:04","startHours":8.208719853421083,"endHours":10.072709431846182,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"07:58","end":"08:27","startHours":7.9601879096310695,"endHours":8.457251797211097,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:06","end":"05:30","startHours":5.102070556045916,"endHours":5.499721666109938,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.439635122691257,"endHours":12.43376289785131,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:30","end":"03:29","startHours":2.492485146250776,"endHours":3.4866129214108295,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:14","end":"04:29","startHours":3.238080977620816,"endHours":4.480740696570883,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.422018448171418,"endHours":15.416146223331472,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:12","end":"19:36","startHours":19.192657323971684,"endHours":19.592657323971682,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:24","end":"20:01","startHours":19.392657323971683,"endHours":20.013987183446716,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:09","end":"20:54","startHours":19.142657323971683,"endHours":20.892657323971683,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.439635122691257,"endHours":24.43376289785131,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:29","end":"06:21","startHours":4.480740696570883,"endHours":6.344730274995983,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"06:21","end":"08:13","startHours":6.344730274995983,"endHours":8.208719853421083,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:13","end":"10:04","startHours":8.208719853421083,"endHours":10.072709431846182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:04","end":"11:56","startHours":10.072709431846182,"endHours":11.936699010271283,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:56","end":"13:48","startHours":11.936699010271283,"endHours":13.800688588696381,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:48","end":"15:40","startHours":13.800688588696381,"endHours":15.664678167121483,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:40","end":"17:32","startHours":15.664678167121483,"endHours":17.52866774554658,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:32","end":"19:24","startHours":17.52866774554658,"endHours":19.392657323971683,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:24","end":"20:32","startHours":19.392657323971683,"endHours":20.528667745546585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:32","end":"21:40","startHours":20.528667745546585,"endHours":21.664678167121483,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:40","end":"22:48","startHours":21.664678167121483,"endHours":22.80068858869638,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:48","end":"23:56","startHours":22.80068858869638,"endHours":23.936699010271283,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:56","end":"01:04","startHours":23.936699010271283,"endHours":25.072709431846185,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:04","end":"02:13","startHours":25.072709431846185,"endHours":26.208719853421083,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:13","end":"03:21","startHours":26.208719853421083,"endHours":27.34473027499598,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:21","end":"04:29","startHours":27.34473027499598,"endHours":28.480740696570884,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":4.480740696570883,"endHours":5.480740696570883,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":5.480740696570883,"endHours":6.480740696570883,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.480740696570883,"endHours":7.480740696570883,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.480740696570883,"endHours":8.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.480740696570884,"endHours":9.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.480740696570884,"endHours":10.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.480740696570884,"endHours":11.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.480740696570884,"endHours":12.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.480740696570884,"endHours":13.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.480740696570884,"endHours":14.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.480740696570884,"endHours":15.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.480740696570884,"endHours":16.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.480740696570884,"endHours":17.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.480740696570884,"endHours":18.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.480740696570884,"endHours":19.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.480740696570884,"endHours":20.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.480740696570884,"endHours":21.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.480740696570884,"endHours":22.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.480740696570884,"endHours":23.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.480740696570884,"endHours":24.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.480740696570884,"endHours":25.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.480740696570884,"endHours":26.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.480740696570884,"endHours":27.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.480740696570884,"endHours":28.480740696570884,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.382233400397027,"eotMinutes":-5.682740616276977,"ayanamsa":24.2237}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"ratha-yatra","name":"Ratha-Yātrā (Jagannātha Puri)","name_sanskrit":"रथ यात्रा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Jagannātha (Krishna) + Balarāma + Subhadrā","significance":"Jagannātha's annual ratha-yātrā at Puri.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":2,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha"},"precedence":2},{"id":"mithuna-sankranti","name":"Mithuna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मिथुन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Gemini.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mithuna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 16, 2026 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 16, 2026 CE for Chicago, USA: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 04:29, sūryāsta 19:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2026-07-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:09.206Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:09.206Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T21:20:09.206Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}