{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2025-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460735.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872270.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5931,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.3639,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":11.7709,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.7709},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.3639,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3639},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":284.957},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460735.770833,"ahargana":1872270.2708,"kali_year":5126,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2045,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.4984549999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":330.27335500000004,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.7611},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":82.58455500000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":331.768555,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":48.02415500000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":346.335255,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":326.589155,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":338.1111,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":158.1111,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460735.770833,"kali_year":5126,"ahargana":1872270.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.5931,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":328.3639,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":11.7709,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.7709},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":328.3639,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3639},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":284.957},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":1,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.761,"elongation":11.771},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.761,"opposition_distance":168.229}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":13,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.722,"opposition_distance":1.445}]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"17:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:04","dayLengthHours":11.241105068459042,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:03","moonsetLocal":"18:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:39","startHours":9.249096068837154,"endHours":10.654234202394534,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:28","end":"14:52","startHours":13.464510469509294,"endHours":14.869648603066675,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:26","end":"07:51","startHours":6.438819801722393,"endHours":7.843957935279773,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:26","startHours":9.061744317696169,"endHours":9.436447819978138,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:54","end":"07:12","startHours":6.907199179574853,"endHours":7.206961981400427,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:26","startHours":11.684668833669946,"endHours":12.43407583823388,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:56","end":"05:41","startHours":4.940005792594521,"endHours":5.6894127971584565,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:30","end":"06:26","startHours":5.502061046017473,"endHours":6.438819801722393,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:41","startHours":13.932889847361754,"endHours":14.68229685192569,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:29","end":"17:53","startHours":17.479924870181435,"endHours":17.879924870181434,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:41","end":"18:09","startHours":17.679924870181434,"endHours":18.148304248033895,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:26","end":"19:11","startHours":17.429924870181434,"endHours":19.179924870181434,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:26","startHours":23.684668833669946,"endHours":24.43407583823388,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:26","end":"07:51","startHours":6.438819801722393,"endHours":7.843957935279773,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:51","end":"09:15","startHours":7.843957935279773,"endHours":9.249096068837154,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:15","end":"10:39","startHours":9.249096068837154,"endHours":10.654234202394534,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:39","end":"12:04","startHours":10.654234202394534,"endHours":12.059372335951913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:04","end":"13:28","startHours":12.059372335951913,"endHours":13.464510469509294,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:28","end":"14:52","startHours":13.464510469509294,"endHours":14.869648603066675,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:52","end":"16:16","startHours":14.869648603066675,"endHours":16.274786736624055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:16","end":"17:41","startHours":16.274786736624055,"endHours":17.679924870181434,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:41","end":"19:16","startHours":17.679924870181434,"endHours":19.274786736624055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:16","end":"20:52","startHours":19.274786736624055,"endHours":20.869648603066672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:52","end":"22:28","startHours":20.869648603066672,"endHours":22.464510469509293,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:28","end":"00:04","startHours":22.464510469509293,"endHours":24.059372335951913,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:04","end":"01:39","startHours":24.059372335951913,"endHours":25.654234202394534,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:39","end":"03:15","startHours":25.654234202394534,"endHours":27.249096068837154,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:15","end":"04:51","startHours":27.249096068837154,"endHours":28.84395793527977,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:51","end":"06:26","startHours":28.84395793527977,"endHours":30.438819801722392,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.438819801722393,"endHours":7.438819801722393,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.438819801722393,"endHours":8.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.438819801722392,"endHours":9.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.438819801722392,"endHours":10.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.438819801722392,"endHours":11.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.438819801722392,"endHours":12.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.438819801722392,"endHours":13.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.438819801722392,"endHours":14.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.438819801722392,"endHours":15.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.438819801722392,"endHours":16.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.438819801722392,"endHours":17.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.438819801722392,"endHours":18.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.438819801722392,"endHours":19.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.438819801722392,"endHours":20.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.438819801722392,"endHours":21.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.438819801722392,"endHours":22.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.438819801722392,"endHours":23.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.438819801722392,"endHours":24.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.438819801722392,"endHours":25.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.438819801722392,"endHours":26.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.438819801722392,"endHours":27.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.438819801722392,"endHours":28.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.438819801722392,"endHours":29.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.438819801722392,"endHours":30.438819801722392,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.552635623858231,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":24.2045}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2025 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2025 CE for Chicago, USA: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 17:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2025-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:32:26.406Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T16:32:26.406Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T16:32:26.406Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}