{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2016-10-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-10-16","date_display":"October 16, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.2517,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.5596,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":177.3079,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3079},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.5596,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8929},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.8113},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0876,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.02429299999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":357.018893,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.6063},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":258.386293,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":170.55449299999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":163.222493,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":212.970193,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":228.55919300000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":140.1386,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":320.1386,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":10,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457677.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869212.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":178.2517,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.5596,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":177.3079,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3079},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":355.5596,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8929},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":173.8113},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.606,"elongation":177.308},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.606,"opposition_distance":2.692}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:03","sunsetLocal":"17:07","solarNoonLocal":"11:35","dayLengthHours":11.066111192890466,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 03 Mins 58 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 56 Mins 02 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:54","moonsetLocal":"06:00","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:44","end":"17:07","startHours":15.740982871147578,"endHours":17.124246770258885,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:35","end":"12:58","startHours":11.591191173813652,"endHours":12.974455072924961,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:21","end":"15:44","startHours":14.357718972036269,"endHours":15.740982871147578,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:38","end":"09:01","startHours":8.640228189042862,"endHours":9.009098562139211,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:49","startHours":6.519223543738856,"endHours":6.8143198422159355,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:13","end":"11:58","startHours":11.222320800717302,"endHours":11.960061546910001,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:19","startHours":4.582654084983025,"endHours":5.320394831175722,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:03","startHours":5.1359596446275475,"endHours":6.05813557736842,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:26","end":"14:10","startHours":13.435543039295396,"endHours":14.173283785488094,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:55","end":"17:19","startHours":16.924246770258886,"endHours":17.324246770258885,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:07","end":"17:35","startHours":17.124246770258885,"endHours":17.58533473662932,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:52","end":"18:37","startHours":16.874246770258885,"endHours":18.624246770258885,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:13","end":"23:58","startHours":23.222320800717302,"endHours":23.96006154691,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:03","end":"07:26","startHours":6.05813557736842,"endHours":7.441399476479728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:26","end":"08:49","startHours":7.441399476479728,"endHours":8.824663375591037,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:49","end":"10:12","startHours":8.824663375591037,"endHours":10.207927274702344,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:12","end":"11:35","startHours":10.207927274702344,"endHours":11.591191173813652,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:35","end":"12:58","startHours":11.591191173813652,"endHours":12.974455072924961,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:58","end":"14:21","startHours":12.974455072924961,"endHours":14.357718972036269,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:21","end":"15:44","startHours":14.357718972036269,"endHours":15.740982871147578,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:44","end":"17:07","startHours":15.740982871147578,"endHours":17.124246770258885,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:07","end":"18:44","startHours":17.124246770258885,"endHours":18.740982871147576,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:44","end":"20:21","startHours":18.740982871147576,"endHours":20.35771897203627,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:21","end":"21:58","startHours":20.35771897203627,"endHours":21.97445507292496,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:58","end":"23:35","startHours":21.97445507292496,"endHours":23.59119117381365,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:35","end":"01:12","startHours":23.59119117381365,"endHours":25.207927274702342,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:12","end":"02:49","startHours":25.207927274702342,"endHours":26.824663375591037,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:49","end":"04:26","startHours":26.824663375591037,"endHours":28.441399476479727,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:26","end":"06:03","startHours":28.441399476479727,"endHours":30.058135577368418,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":6.05813557736842,"endHours":7.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.05813557736842,"endHours":8.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.05813557736842,"endHours":9.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.05813557736842,"endHours":10.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.05813557736842,"endHours":11.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.05813557736842,"endHours":12.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.05813557736842,"endHours":13.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.05813557736842,"endHours":14.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.05813557736842,"endHours":15.05813557736842,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.05813557736842,"endHours":16.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.058135577368418,"endHours":17.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.058135577368418,"endHours":18.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.058135577368418,"endHours":19.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.058135577368418,"endHours":20.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.058135577368418,"endHours":21.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.058135577368418,"endHours":22.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.058135577368418,"endHours":23.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.058135577368418,"endHours":24.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.058135577368418,"endHours":25.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.058135577368418,"endHours":26.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.058135577368418,"endHours":27.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.058135577368418,"endHours":28.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.058135577368418,"endHours":29.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.058135577368418,"endHours":30.058135577368418,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.981824614898668,"eotMinutes":15.04772957118102,"ayanamsa":24.0876}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"sharad-purnima","name":"Śarad Pūrṇimā / Kojāgarī Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"शरद पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Lakṣmī","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vṛndāvana. Lakṣmī wakes (\"ko jāgartti?\")","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Night-long jāgaraṇa; offering of pāyasa under moonlight","detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.29-33"]},{"id":"rasa-purnima","name":"Rāsa Pūrṇimā (Vraja Mahā-Rāsa)","name_sanskrit":"रास पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Krishna + Gopīs","significance":"Krishna's Mahā-rāsa with the gopīs at Vraja (Bhāgavata 10.29-33). Same as Śarad Pūrṇimā but emphasized in Vraja tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":2},{"id":"valmiki-jayanti","name":"Mahārṣi Vālmīki Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"महर्षि वाल्मीकि जयन्ती","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Maharṣi Vālmīki (ādi-kavi)","significance":"Composer of Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa. Āśvina Pūrṇimā tradition.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 16, 2016 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 16, 2016 CE for Chicago, USA: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:03, sūryāsta 17:07.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-10-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T07:12:34.112Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T07:12:34.112Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T07:12:34.112Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}