{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2016-08-23:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-08-23","date_display":"August 23, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457623.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869158.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.5765,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.6591,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.0826,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.0826},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.6591,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6591},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.2356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457623.770833,"ahargana":1869158.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0855,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":126.26765699999999,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":8.084757000000025,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.0477},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":224.909357,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":152.45135700000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":151.67945699999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":147.06095700000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":225.57665699999995,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":142.9998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":322.9998,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":8,"day":23,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457623.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869158.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":125.5765,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.6591,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":240.0826,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.0826},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.6591,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.6591},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.2356},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.048,"elongation":119.917},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.048,"opposition_distance":60.083}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":9,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.832,"elongation":2.371}]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:07","sunsetLocal":"18:39","solarNoonLocal":"11:53","dayLengthHours":13.536852498177893,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 32 Mins 13 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 27 Mins 47 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:12","moonsetLocal":"10:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:16","end":"16:57","startHours":15.264009319808203,"endHours":16.95611588208044,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:30","end":"10:11","startHours":8.495583070719256,"endHours":10.187689632991493,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:53","end":"13:34","startHours":11.87979619526373,"endHours":13.571902757535966,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:16","end":"08:43","startHours":8.26996886241629,"endHours":8.72119727902222,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:41","end":"06:02","startHours":5.675405466932194,"endHours":6.036388200216938,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:26","end":"12:20","startHours":11.428567778657799,"endHours":12.33102461186966,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:18","end":"04:13","startHours":3.306456279751063,"endHours":4.2089131129629225,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:59","end":"05:07","startHours":3.983298904659957,"endHours":5.111369946174782,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"15:02","startHours":14.135938278293377,"endHours":15.038395111505237,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:27","end":"18:51","startHours":18.448222444352677,"endHours":18.848222444352675,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:39","end":"19:13","startHours":18.648222444352676,"endHours":19.212257965110087,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:24","end":"20:09","startHours":18.398222444352676,"endHours":20.148222444352676,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:26","end":"00:20","startHours":23.4285677786578,"endHours":24.33102461186966,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:07","end":"06:48","startHours":5.111369946174782,"endHours":6.803476508447019,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:48","end":"08:30","startHours":6.803476508447019,"endHours":8.495583070719256,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:30","end":"10:11","startHours":8.495583070719256,"endHours":10.187689632991493,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:11","end":"11:53","startHours":10.187689632991493,"endHours":11.87979619526373,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:53","end":"13:34","startHours":11.87979619526373,"endHours":13.571902757535966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:34","end":"15:16","startHours":13.571902757535966,"endHours":15.264009319808203,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:16","end":"16:57","startHours":15.264009319808203,"endHours":16.95611588208044,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:57","end":"18:39","startHours":16.95611588208044,"endHours":18.648222444352676,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:39","end":"19:57","startHours":18.648222444352676,"endHours":19.95611588208044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:57","end":"21:16","startHours":19.95611588208044,"endHours":21.264009319808203,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:16","end":"22:34","startHours":21.264009319808203,"endHours":22.571902757535966,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:34","end":"23:53","startHours":22.571902757535966,"endHours":23.87979619526373,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:53","end":"01:11","startHours":23.87979619526373,"endHours":25.187689632991493,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:11","end":"02:30","startHours":25.187689632991493,"endHours":26.495583070719256,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:30","end":"03:48","startHours":26.495583070719256,"endHours":27.80347650844702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:48","end":"05:07","startHours":27.80347650844702,"endHours":29.111369946174783,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:07","end":"06:07","startHours":5.111369946174782,"endHours":6.111369946174782,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:07","end":"07:07","startHours":6.111369946174782,"endHours":7.111369946174782,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:07","end":"08:07","startHours":7.111369946174782,"endHours":8.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:07","end":"09:07","startHours":8.111369946174783,"endHours":9.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:07","end":"10:07","startHours":9.111369946174783,"endHours":10.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:07","end":"11:07","startHours":10.111369946174783,"endHours":11.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:07","end":"12:07","startHours":11.111369946174783,"endHours":12.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:07","end":"13:07","startHours":12.111369946174783,"endHours":13.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:07","end":"14:07","startHours":13.111369946174783,"endHours":14.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:07","end":"15:07","startHours":14.111369946174783,"endHours":15.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:07","end":"16:07","startHours":15.111369946174783,"endHours":16.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:07","end":"17:07","startHours":16.111369946174783,"endHours":17.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:07","end":"18:07","startHours":17.111369946174783,"endHours":18.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:07","end":"19:07","startHours":18.111369946174783,"endHours":19.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:07","end":"20:07","startHours":19.111369946174783,"endHours":20.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:07","end":"21:07","startHours":20.111369946174783,"endHours":21.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:07","end":"22:07","startHours":21.111369946174783,"endHours":22.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:07","end":"23:07","startHours":22.111369946174783,"endHours":23.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:07","end":"00:07","startHours":23.111369946174783,"endHours":24.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:07","end":"01:07","startHours":24.111369946174783,"endHours":25.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:07","end":"02:07","startHours":25.111369946174783,"endHours":26.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:07","end":"03:07","startHours":26.111369946174783,"endHours":27.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:07","end":"04:07","startHours":27.111369946174783,"endHours":28.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:07","end":"05:07","startHours":28.111369946174783,"endHours":29.111369946174783,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":11.346351506644753,"eotMinutes":-2.2685717158237404,"ayanamsa":24.0855}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"balarama-jayanti","name":"Balarāma Jayantī (Hala-Ṣaṣṭhī)","name_sanskrit":"बलराम जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Balarāma (Krishna's elder brother; ādi-śeṣa)","significance":"Birth of Bala-deva, Krishna's elder brother and Saṅkarṣaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":21,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":3,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.2-3"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 23, 2016 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 23, 2016 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:07, sūryāsta 18:39.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-08-23"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:32:30.627Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:32:30.627Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T15:32:30.627Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}