{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2016-02-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-02-20","date_display":"February 20, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457438.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868973.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":306.828,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1979,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":148.3699,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3699},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1979,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8646},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.0259},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457438.770833,"ahargana":1868973.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0784,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":306.747125,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.24822499999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.7985},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":209.577225,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":283.803725,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":145.69982500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":279.24912500000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":231.13682500000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":152.802,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":332.802,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":2,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457438.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868973.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":306.828,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":95.1979,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":148.3699,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.3699},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":95.1979,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.8646},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":42.0259},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":24,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.799,"elongation":148.37},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.799,"opposition_distance":31.63}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":18,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.681,"elongation":1.816}]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"17:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:05","dayLengthHours":10.793409423477682,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 47 Mins 36 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 12 Mins 24 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:38","moonsetLocal":"05:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:23","end":"10:44","startHours":9.381690061542619,"endHours":10.73086623947733,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:26","end":"14:47","startHours":13.42921859534675,"endHours":14.778394773281459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:41","end":"08:02","startHours":6.683337705673198,"endHours":8.032513883607908,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:34","startHours":9.201799904484657,"endHours":9.561580218600579,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:25","startHours":7.133063098318101,"endHours":7.420887349610839,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:43","end":"12:26","startHours":11.720262103296115,"endHours":12.439822731527961,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:15","end":"05:58","startHours":5.244216449209507,"endHours":5.963777077441352,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:47","end":"06:41","startHours":5.783886920383392,"endHours":6.683337705673198,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:53","end":"14:36","startHours":13.878943987991653,"endHours":14.598504616223497,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:17","end":"17:41","startHours":17.27674712915088,"endHours":17.67674712915088,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:29","end":"17:56","startHours":17.47674712915088,"endHours":17.926472521795784,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:59","startHours":17.22674712915088,"endHours":18.97674712915088,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:43","end":"00:26","startHours":23.720262103296115,"endHours":24.43982273152796,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:41","end":"08:02","startHours":6.683337705673198,"endHours":8.032513883607908,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:02","end":"09:23","startHours":8.032513883607908,"endHours":9.381690061542619,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:23","end":"10:44","startHours":9.381690061542619,"endHours":10.73086623947733,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:44","end":"12:05","startHours":10.73086623947733,"endHours":12.080042417412038,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:05","end":"13:26","startHours":12.080042417412038,"endHours":13.42921859534675,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:26","end":"14:47","startHours":13.42921859534675,"endHours":14.778394773281459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:47","end":"16:08","startHours":14.778394773281459,"endHours":16.12757095121617,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:08","end":"17:29","startHours":16.12757095121617,"endHours":17.47674712915088,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:29","end":"19:08","startHours":17.47674712915088,"endHours":19.12757095121617,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:08","end":"20:47","startHours":19.12757095121617,"endHours":20.77839477328146,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:47","end":"22:26","startHours":20.77839477328146,"endHours":22.42921859534675,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:26","end":"00:05","startHours":22.42921859534675,"endHours":24.080042417412038,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:05","end":"01:44","startHours":24.080042417412038,"endHours":25.73086623947733,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:44","end":"03:23","startHours":25.73086623947733,"endHours":27.38169006154262,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:23","end":"05:02","startHours":27.38169006154262,"endHours":29.03251388360791,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:02","end":"06:41","startHours":29.03251388360791,"endHours":30.683337705673196,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.683337705673198,"endHours":7.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.683337705673198,"endHours":8.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.683337705673198,"endHours":9.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.683337705673198,"endHours":10.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.683337705673198,"endHours":11.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.683337705673198,"endHours":12.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.683337705673198,"endHours":13.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.683337705673198,"endHours":14.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.683337705673198,"endHours":15.683337705673198,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.683337705673198,"endHours":16.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.683337705673196,"endHours":17.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.683337705673196,"endHours":18.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.683337705673196,"endHours":19.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.683337705673196,"endHours":20.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.683337705673196,"endHours":21.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.683337705673196,"endHours":22.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.683337705673196,"endHours":23.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.683337705673196,"endHours":24.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.683337705673196,"endHours":25.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.683337705673196,"endHours":26.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.683337705673196,"endHours":27.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.683337705673196,"endHours":28.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.683337705673196,"endHours":29.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.683337705673196,"endHours":30.683337705673196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-11.179475004186783,"eotMinutes":-14.28334504472219,"ayanamsa":24.0784}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 20, 2016 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 20, 2016 CE for Chicago, USA: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 17:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2016-02-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T20:27:04.840Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T20:27:04.840Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T20:27:04.840Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}