{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2012-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455942.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867477.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.1343,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.839,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":265.7047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7047},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":176.839,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5057},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.9733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455942.770833,"ahargana":1867477.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0212,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.271483,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.82248299999992,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.6952},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.47628300000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":257.3679830000001,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":6.943983000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":308.001883,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":184.77788299999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.0673,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.0673,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455942.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867477.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.1343,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.839,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":265.7047,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7047},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":176.839,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.5057},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":87.9733},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.695,"elongation":94.295},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.695,"opposition_distance":85.705}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:16","sunsetLocal":"16:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:00","dayLengthHours":9.474527020200561,"dayLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 28 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 31 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:09","moonsetLocal":"11:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:38","startHours":8.450587393121083,"endHours":9.634903270646152,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:49","end":"12:00","startHours":10.819219148171223,"endHours":12.003535025696294,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:11","end":"14:22","startHours":13.187850903221364,"endHours":14.372166780746433,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:29","end":"09:48","startHours":9.476994486976144,"endHours":9.792812054316162,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:40","end":"07:55","startHours":7.661043474771036,"endHours":7.913697528643051,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:19","startHours":11.687717458356275,"endHours":12.319352593036314,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:00","end":"06:38","startHours":6.003001246235938,"endHours":6.634636380915976,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:29","end":"07:16","startHours":6.476727597245966,"endHours":7.266271515596013,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:35","end":"14:13","startHours":13.582622862396388,"endHours":14.214257997076425,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:32","end":"16:56","startHours":16.540798535796576,"endHours":16.940798535796574,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:44","end":"17:08","startHours":16.740798535796575,"endHours":17.1355704949716,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:29","end":"18:14","startHours":16.490798535796575,"endHours":18.240798535796575,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:19","startHours":23.687717458356275,"endHours":24.319352593036314,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:16","end":"08:27","startHours":7.266271515596013,"endHours":8.450587393121083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:38","startHours":8.450587393121083,"endHours":9.634903270646152,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:38","end":"10:49","startHours":9.634903270646152,"endHours":10.819219148171223,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:49","end":"12:00","startHours":10.819219148171223,"endHours":12.003535025696294,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:00","end":"13:11","startHours":12.003535025696294,"endHours":13.187850903221364,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:11","end":"14:22","startHours":13.187850903221364,"endHours":14.372166780746433,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:22","end":"15:33","startHours":14.372166780746433,"endHours":15.556482658271506,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:33","end":"16:44","startHours":15.556482658271506,"endHours":16.740798535796575,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"16:44","end":"18:33","startHours":16.740798535796575,"endHours":18.556482658271506,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:33","end":"20:22","startHours":18.556482658271506,"endHours":20.372166780746433,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:22","end":"22:11","startHours":20.372166780746433,"endHours":22.187850903221364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:11","end":"00:00","startHours":22.187850903221364,"endHours":24.003535025696294,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:00","end":"01:49","startHours":24.003535025696294,"endHours":25.819219148171225,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:49","end":"03:38","startHours":25.819219148171225,"endHours":27.634903270646156,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:38","end":"05:27","startHours":27.634903270646156,"endHours":29.450587393121083,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:27","end":"07:16","startHours":29.450587393121083,"endHours":31.266271515596014,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.266271515596013,"endHours":8.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.266271515596014,"endHours":9.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.266271515596014,"endHours":10.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.266271515596014,"endHours":11.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.266271515596014,"endHours":12.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.266271515596014,"endHours":13.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.266271515596014,"endHours":14.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.266271515596014,"endHours":15.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.266271515596014,"endHours":16.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.266271515596014,"endHours":17.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.266271515596014,"endHours":18.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.266271515596014,"endHours":19.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.266271515596014,"endHours":20.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.266271515596014,"endHours":21.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.266271515596014,"endHours":22.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.266271515596014,"endHours":23.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.266271515596014,"endHours":24.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.266271515596014,"endHours":25.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.266271515596014,"endHours":26.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.266271515596014,"endHours":27.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.266271515596014,"endHours":28.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.266271515596014,"endHours":29.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.266271515596014,"endHours":30.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":30.266271515596014,"endHours":31.266271515596014,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.07592014020647,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.0212}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2012 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2012 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 07:16, sūryāsta 16:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2012-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T03:11:51.597Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T03:11:51.597Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T03:11:51.597Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}