{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2005-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2005-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 2005 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2005,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453460.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864995.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.6597,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":231.2397,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":244.58,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.58},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":231.2397,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.573},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":217.8994},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2005,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453460.770833,"ahargana":1864995.2708,"kali_year":5106,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9263,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.502914,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":230.408814,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.3249},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":283.47191399999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":344.088414,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":170.88951399999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":346.430414,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":86.39351399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":3.5756,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":183.5756,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2005,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453460.770833,"kali_year":5106,"ahargana":1864995.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.6597,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":231.2397,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":244.58,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.58},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":231.2397,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.573},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":217.8994},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":40,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.325,"elongation":115.42},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.325,"opposition_distance":64.58}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:36","sunsetLocal":"18:15","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":12.6447281804138,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 38 Mins 41 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 21 Mins 19 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:34","moonsetLocal":"08:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:30","end":"15:05","startHours":13.500272712819834,"endHours":15.080863735371558,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"05:36","end":"07:11","startHours":5.597317600061209,"endHours":7.177908622612934,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:46","end":"10:20","startHours":8.758499645164658,"endHours":10.339090667716384,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:58","startHours":8.547754175491097,"endHours":8.969245114838223,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:07","end":"06:28","startHours":6.124181274245117,"endHours":6.461374025722819,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:30","end":"12:20","startHours":11.498190750920983,"endHours":12.341172629615237,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:55","end":"04:45","startHours":3.9113538426727024,"endHours":4.754335721366956,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:33","end":"05:36","startHours":4.543590251693392,"endHours":5.597317600061209,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:02","end":"14:52","startHours":14.027136387003743,"endHours":14.870118265697997,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:03","end":"18:27","startHours":18.04204578047501,"endHours":18.44204578047501,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:15","end":"18:46","startHours":18.24204578047501,"endHours":18.768909454658917,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:00","end":"19:45","startHours":17.99204578047501,"endHours":19.74204578047501,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:30","end":"00:20","startHours":23.498190750920983,"endHours":24.341172629615237,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:36","end":"07:11","startHours":5.597317600061209,"endHours":7.177908622612934,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:11","end":"08:46","startHours":7.177908622612934,"endHours":8.758499645164658,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:46","end":"10:20","startHours":8.758499645164658,"endHours":10.339090667716384,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:20","end":"11:55","startHours":10.339090667716384,"endHours":11.91968169026811,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:55","end":"13:30","startHours":11.91968169026811,"endHours":13.500272712819834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:30","end":"15:05","startHours":13.500272712819834,"endHours":15.080863735371558,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:05","end":"16:40","startHours":15.080863735371558,"endHours":16.661454757923284,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:40","end":"18:15","startHours":16.661454757923284,"endHours":18.24204578047501,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:15","end":"19:40","startHours":18.24204578047501,"endHours":19.661454757923284,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:40","end":"21:05","startHours":19.661454757923284,"endHours":21.080863735371558,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:05","end":"22:30","startHours":21.080863735371558,"endHours":22.500272712819836,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:30","end":"23:55","startHours":22.500272712819836,"endHours":23.91968169026811,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:55","end":"01:20","startHours":23.91968169026811,"endHours":25.339090667716384,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:20","end":"02:46","startHours":25.339090667716384,"endHours":26.75849964516466,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:46","end":"04:11","startHours":26.75849964516466,"endHours":28.177908622612936,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:11","end":"05:36","startHours":28.177908622612936,"endHours":29.59731760006121,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:36","end":"06:36","startHours":5.597317600061209,"endHours":6.597317600061209,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:36","end":"07:36","startHours":6.597317600061209,"endHours":7.597317600061209,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:36","end":"08:36","startHours":7.597317600061209,"endHours":8.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:36","end":"09:36","startHours":8.59731760006121,"endHours":9.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:36","end":"10:36","startHours":9.59731760006121,"endHours":10.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:36","end":"11:36","startHours":10.59731760006121,"endHours":11.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:36","end":"12:36","startHours":11.59731760006121,"endHours":12.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:36","end":"13:36","startHours":12.59731760006121,"endHours":13.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:36","end":"14:36","startHours":13.59731760006121,"endHours":14.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:36","end":"15:36","startHours":14.59731760006121,"endHours":15.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:36","end":"16:36","startHours":15.59731760006121,"endHours":16.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:36","end":"17:36","startHours":16.59731760006121,"endHours":17.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:36","end":"18:36","startHours":17.59731760006121,"endHours":18.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:36","end":"19:36","startHours":18.59731760006121,"endHours":19.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:36","end":"20:36","startHours":19.59731760006121,"endHours":20.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:36","end":"21:36","startHours":20.59731760006121,"endHours":21.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:36","end":"22:36","startHours":21.59731760006121,"endHours":22.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:36","end":"23:36","startHours":22.59731760006121,"endHours":23.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:36","end":"00:36","startHours":23.59731760006121,"endHours":24.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:36","end":"01:36","startHours":24.59731760006121,"endHours":25.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:36","end":"02:36","startHours":25.59731760006121,"endHours":26.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:36","end":"03:36","startHours":26.59731760006121,"endHours":27.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:36","end":"04:36","startHours":27.59731760006121,"endHours":28.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:36","end":"05:36","startHours":28.59731760006121,"endHours":29.59731760006121,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.128741134322546,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":23.9263}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2062,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vilambī","saka_samvat":1927,"saka_samvatsara":"Pārthiva","bengali_samvat":1412,"malayalam_era":1181,"nanakshahi_year":536,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2062 Vilambī · Śaka 1927 Pārthiva"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 2005 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 2005 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 05:36, sūryāsta 18:15.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2005-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:57:34.990Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:57:34.990Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T08:57:34.990Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}