{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2003-03-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-03-28","date_display":"March 28, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452726.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864261.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.2222,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3636,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":304.1414,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1414},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":287.3636,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3636},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.5858},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452726.770833,"ahargana":1864261.2708,"kali_year":5104,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8982,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.055958,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":288.967358,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0742},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":260.694658,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":349.122758,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":104.17595800000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":306.43085799999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":59.17375800000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":42.4664,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":222.4664,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":3,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452726.770833,"kali_year":5104,"ahargana":1864261.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":343.2222,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":287.3636,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":304.1414,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1414},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3,"moon_longitude":287.3636,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.3636},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.5858},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.074,"elongation":55.859},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.074,"opposition_distance":124.141}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"05:42","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":12.479863238458906,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:20","moonsetLocal":"13:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:23","end":"11:56","startHours":10.375672801965997,"endHours":11.93565570677336,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:03","end":"16:37","startHours":15.055621516388086,"endHours":16.61560442119545,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:15","end":"08:49","startHours":7.25570699235127,"endHours":8.815689897158633,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:36","end":"09:01","startHours":8.607692176517652,"endHours":9.023687617799615,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:13","end":"06:33","startHours":6.215718389146361,"endHours":6.548514742171932,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:31","end":"12:21","startHours":11.519660265491396,"endHours":12.351651148055325,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:02","end":"04:52","startHours":4.0317423224160525,"endHours":4.8637332049799795,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:39","end":"05:42","startHours":4.655735484338997,"endHours":5.695724087543907,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:01","end":"14:51","startHours":14.015632913183177,"endHours":14.847623795747104,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.975587326002813,"endHours":18.37558732600281,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:42","startHours":18.175587326002812,"endHours":18.695581627605268,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.925587326002812,"endHours":19.675587326002812,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:31","end":"00:21","startHours":23.519660265491396,"endHours":24.351651148055325,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:42","end":"07:15","startHours":5.695724087543907,"endHours":7.25570699235127,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:15","end":"08:49","startHours":7.25570699235127,"endHours":8.815689897158633,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:49","end":"10:23","startHours":8.815689897158633,"endHours":10.375672801965997,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:23","end":"11:56","startHours":10.375672801965997,"endHours":11.93565570677336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:56","end":"13:30","startHours":11.93565570677336,"endHours":13.495638611580723,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:30","end":"15:03","startHours":13.495638611580723,"endHours":15.055621516388086,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:03","end":"16:37","startHours":15.055621516388086,"endHours":16.61560442119545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:37","end":"18:11","startHours":16.61560442119545,"endHours":18.175587326002812,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:11","end":"19:37","startHours":18.175587326002812,"endHours":19.61560442119545,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:37","end":"21:03","startHours":19.61560442119545,"endHours":21.055621516388086,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:03","end":"22:30","startHours":21.055621516388086,"endHours":22.495638611580723,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:30","end":"23:56","startHours":22.495638611580723,"endHours":23.93565570677336,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:56","end":"01:23","startHours":23.93565570677336,"endHours":25.375672801965997,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:23","end":"02:49","startHours":25.375672801965997,"endHours":26.815689897158634,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:49","end":"04:15","startHours":26.815689897158634,"endHours":28.25570699235127,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:15","end":"05:42","startHours":28.25570699235127,"endHours":29.69572408754391,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:42","end":"06:42","startHours":5.695724087543907,"endHours":6.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:42","end":"07:42","startHours":6.695724087543907,"endHours":7.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:42","end":"08:42","startHours":7.695724087543907,"endHours":8.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:42","end":"09:42","startHours":8.695724087543907,"endHours":9.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:42","end":"10:42","startHours":9.695724087543907,"endHours":10.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:42","end":"11:42","startHours":10.695724087543907,"endHours":11.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:42","end":"12:42","startHours":11.695724087543907,"endHours":12.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:42","end":"13:42","startHours":12.695724087543907,"endHours":13.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:42","end":"14:42","startHours":13.695724087543907,"endHours":14.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:42","end":"15:42","startHours":14.695724087543907,"endHours":15.695724087543907,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:42","end":"16:42","startHours":15.695724087543907,"endHours":16.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:42","end":"17:42","startHours":16.69572408754391,"endHours":17.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:42","end":"18:42","startHours":17.69572408754391,"endHours":18.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:42","end":"19:42","startHours":18.69572408754391,"endHours":19.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:42","end":"20:42","startHours":19.69572408754391,"endHours":20.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:42","end":"21:42","startHours":20.69572408754391,"endHours":21.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:42","end":"22:42","startHours":21.69572408754391,"endHours":22.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:42","end":"23:42","startHours":22.69572408754391,"endHours":23.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:42","end":"00:42","startHours":23.69572408754391,"endHours":24.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:42","end":"01:42","startHours":24.69572408754391,"endHours":25.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:42","end":"02:42","startHours":25.69572408754391,"endHours":26.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:42","end":"03:42","startHours":26.69572408754391,"endHours":27.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:42","end":"04:42","startHours":27.69572408754391,"endHours":28.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:42","end":"05:42","startHours":28.69572408754391,"endHours":29.69572408754391,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Padma","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.760175952607052,"eotMinutes":-5.6201424064016345,"ayanamsa":23.8982}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"papamochani-ekadashi","name":"Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पापमोचनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Removes mahā-pātakas (great sins).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 28, 2003 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 28, 2003 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:42, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2003-03-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:12.235Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:12.235Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T14:32:12.235Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}