{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:2001-07-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-07-18","date_display":"July 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452108.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863643.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.1746,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":54.2544,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":323.0798,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.0798},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":54.2544,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9211},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.429},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452108.770833,"ahargana":1863643.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8746,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.62737000000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":53.69727,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.608},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":231.21456999999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":72.92327,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":67.16926999999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":49.67556999999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":46.92836999999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":75.211,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":255.211,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452108.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863643.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.1746,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":54.2544,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":323.0798,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.0798},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":54.2544,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.9211},"yoga":{"number":11,"name":"Vṛddhi","sum_longitude":145.429},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":53,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.608,"elongation":36.92},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.608,"opposition_distance":143.08}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:31","sunsetLocal":"19:22","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":14.8605251047413,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 51 Mins 38 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 08 Mins 22 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:52","moonsetLocal":"16:57","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:56","end":"13:48","startHours":11.939585268675152,"endHours":13.797150906767815,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:22","end":"08:13","startHours":6.366888354397166,"endHours":8.224453992489828,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:05","end":"11:56","startHours":10.08201963058249,"endHours":11.939585268675152,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"07:59","end":"08:28","startHours":7.976778574077473,"endHours":8.472129410902184,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:08","end":"05:31","startHours":5.128511262335391,"endHours":5.524791931795159,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:27","end":"12:26","startHours":11.444234431850443,"endHours":12.434936105499862,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:32","end":"03:31","startHours":2.527919369005664,"endHours":3.518621042655084,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:16","end":"04:31","startHours":3.270945624242729,"endHours":4.509322716304504,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:24","startHours":14.416339452798702,"endHours":15.407041126448123,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:10","end":"19:34","startHours":19.169847821045803,"endHours":19.5698478210458,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:22","end":"19:59","startHours":19.369847821045802,"endHours":19.98903636707669,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:07","end":"20:52","startHours":19.119847821045802,"endHours":20.869847821045802,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:27","end":"00:26","startHours":23.444234431850443,"endHours":24.43493610549986,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"04:31","end":"06:22","startHours":4.509322716304504,"endHours":6.366888354397166,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:22","end":"08:13","startHours":6.366888354397166,"endHours":8.224453992489828,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:13","end":"10:05","startHours":8.224453992489828,"endHours":10.08201963058249,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:05","end":"11:56","startHours":10.08201963058249,"endHours":11.939585268675152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:56","end":"13:48","startHours":11.939585268675152,"endHours":13.797150906767815,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:48","end":"15:39","startHours":13.797150906767815,"endHours":15.654716544860477,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:39","end":"17:31","startHours":15.654716544860477,"endHours":17.51228218295314,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:31","end":"19:22","startHours":17.51228218295314,"endHours":19.369847821045802,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:22","end":"20:31","startHours":19.369847821045802,"endHours":20.51228218295314,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:31","end":"21:39","startHours":20.51228218295314,"endHours":21.654716544860477,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:39","end":"22:48","startHours":21.654716544860477,"endHours":22.797150906767815,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:48","end":"23:56","startHours":22.797150906767815,"endHours":23.939585268675152,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:56","end":"01:05","startHours":23.939585268675152,"endHours":25.08201963058249,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:05","end":"02:13","startHours":25.08201963058249,"endHours":26.224453992489828,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:13","end":"03:22","startHours":26.224453992489828,"endHours":27.366888354397165,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:22","end":"04:31","startHours":27.366888354397165,"endHours":28.509322716304503,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:31","end":"05:31","startHours":4.509322716304504,"endHours":5.509322716304504,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:31","end":"06:31","startHours":5.509322716304504,"endHours":6.509322716304504,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:31","end":"07:31","startHours":6.509322716304504,"endHours":7.509322716304504,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:31","end":"08:31","startHours":7.509322716304504,"endHours":8.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:31","end":"09:31","startHours":8.509322716304503,"endHours":9.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:31","end":"10:31","startHours":9.509322716304503,"endHours":10.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:31","end":"11:31","startHours":10.509322716304503,"endHours":11.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:31","end":"12:31","startHours":11.509322716304503,"endHours":12.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:31","end":"13:31","startHours":12.509322716304503,"endHours":13.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:31","end":"14:31","startHours":13.509322716304503,"endHours":14.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:31","end":"15:31","startHours":14.509322716304503,"endHours":15.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:31","end":"16:31","startHours":15.509322716304503,"endHours":16.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:31","end":"17:31","startHours":16.509322716304503,"endHours":17.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:31","end":"18:31","startHours":17.509322716304503,"endHours":18.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:31","end":"19:31","startHours":18.509322716304503,"endHours":19.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:31","end":"20:31","startHours":19.509322716304503,"endHours":20.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:31","end":"21:31","startHours":20.509322716304503,"endHours":21.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:31","end":"22:31","startHours":21.509322716304503,"endHours":22.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:31","end":"23:31","startHours":22.509322716304503,"endHours":23.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:31","end":"00:31","startHours":23.509322716304503,"endHours":24.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:31","end":"01:31","startHours":24.509322716304503,"endHours":25.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:31","end":"02:31","startHours":25.509322716304503,"endHours":26.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:31","end":"03:31","startHours":26.509322716304503,"endHours":27.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:31","end":"04:31","startHours":27.509322716304503,"endHours":28.509322716304503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.037664475781934,"eotMinutes":-5.85591612050904,"ayanamsa":23.8746}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 18, 2001 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 18, 2001 CE for Chicago, USA: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 04:31, sūryāsta 19:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/2001-07-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T13:34:00.318Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T13:34:00.318Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T13:34:00.318Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}