{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chicago:1997-05-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-05-13","date_display":"May 13, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.5143,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1658,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6515,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6515},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":103.1658,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6802},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8162,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.513913000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.05951299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5903},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":144.29161299999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":6.343012999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.943313,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":39.09821299999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":351.593813,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":156.1188,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":336.1188,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450581.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862116.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":28.5143,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.1658,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":74.6515,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6515},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":103.1658,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.8325},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":131.6802},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":12,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.59,"elongation":74.652},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.59,"opposition_distance":105.348}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chicago","name":"Chicago, USA","lat":41.8781,"lon":-87.6298,"tz_offset_hours":-6,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:33","sunsetLocal":"19:01","solarNoonLocal":"11:47","dayLengthHours":14.471871461149128,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 28 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 31 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:31","moonsetLocal":"23:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:24","end":"17:12","startHours":15.397397219561341,"endHours":17.206381152204983,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:10","end":"09:58","startHours":8.161461488986777,"endHours":9.97044542163042,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:47","end":"13:35","startHours":11.779429354274061,"endHours":13.588413286917703,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"07:55","end":"08:24","startHours":7.920263631300959,"endHours":8.402659346672596,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:09","end":"05:32","startHours":5.146488267914044,"endHours":5.5324048402113535,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:18","end":"12:16","startHours":11.297033638902423,"endHours":12.261825069645699,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:37","end":"03:35","startHours":2.613910762212946,"endHours":3.578702192956221,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:20","end":"04:33","startHours":3.337504335270402,"endHours":4.543493623699496,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:11","end":"15:09","startHours":14.19140793113225,"endHours":15.156199361875526,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:49","end":"19:13","startHours":18.815365084848626,"endHours":19.215365084848624,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:01","end":"19:37","startHours":19.015365084848625,"endHours":19.618359729063172,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:31","startHours":18.765365084848625,"endHours":20.515365084848625,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:18","end":"00:16","startHours":23.297033638902423,"endHours":24.2618250696457,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"04:33","end":"06:21","startHours":4.543493623699496,"endHours":6.352477556343137,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:21","end":"08:10","startHours":6.352477556343137,"endHours":8.161461488986777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:10","end":"09:58","startHours":8.161461488986777,"endHours":9.97044542163042,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:58","end":"11:47","startHours":9.97044542163042,"endHours":11.779429354274061,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:47","end":"13:35","startHours":11.779429354274061,"endHours":13.588413286917703,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:35","end":"15:24","startHours":13.588413286917703,"endHours":15.397397219561341,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:24","end":"17:12","startHours":15.397397219561341,"endHours":17.206381152204983,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:12","end":"19:01","startHours":17.206381152204983,"endHours":19.015365084848625,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:12","startHours":19.015365084848625,"endHours":20.206381152204983,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:12","end":"21:24","startHours":20.206381152204983,"endHours":21.39739721956134,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:24","end":"22:35","startHours":21.39739721956134,"endHours":22.588413286917703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:35","end":"23:47","startHours":22.588413286917703,"endHours":23.77942935427406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:47","end":"00:58","startHours":23.77942935427406,"endHours":24.97044542163042,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:58","end":"02:10","startHours":24.97044542163042,"endHours":26.16146148898678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:10","end":"03:21","startHours":26.16146148898678,"endHours":27.35247755634314,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:21","end":"04:33","startHours":27.35247755634314,"endHours":28.543493623699497,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:33","end":"05:33","startHours":4.543493623699496,"endHours":5.543493623699496,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:33","end":"06:33","startHours":5.543493623699496,"endHours":6.543493623699496,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:33","end":"07:33","startHours":6.543493623699496,"endHours":7.543493623699496,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:33","end":"08:33","startHours":7.543493623699496,"endHours":8.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:33","end":"09:33","startHours":8.543493623699497,"endHours":9.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:33","end":"10:33","startHours":9.543493623699497,"endHours":10.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:33","end":"11:33","startHours":10.543493623699497,"endHours":11.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:33","end":"12:33","startHours":11.543493623699497,"endHours":12.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:33","end":"13:33","startHours":12.543493623699497,"endHours":13.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:33","end":"14:33","startHours":13.543493623699497,"endHours":14.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:33","end":"15:33","startHours":14.543493623699497,"endHours":15.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:33","end":"16:33","startHours":15.543493623699497,"endHours":16.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:33","end":"17:33","startHours":16.543493623699497,"endHours":17.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:33","end":"18:33","startHours":17.543493623699497,"endHours":18.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:33","end":"19:33","startHours":18.543493623699497,"endHours":19.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:33","end":"20:33","startHours":19.543493623699497,"endHours":20.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:33","end":"21:33","startHours":20.543493623699497,"endHours":21.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:33","end":"22:33","startHours":21.543493623699497,"endHours":22.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:33","end":"23:33","startHours":22.543493623699497,"endHours":23.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:33","end":"00:33","startHours":23.543493623699497,"endHours":24.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:33","end":"01:33","startHours":24.543493623699497,"endHours":25.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:33","end":"02:33","startHours":25.543493623699497,"endHours":26.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:33","end":"03:33","startHours":26.543493623699497,"endHours":27.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:33","end":"04:33","startHours":27.543493623699497,"endHours":28.543493623699497,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.350133097083567,"eotMinutes":3.7534387435564067,"ayanamsa":23.8162}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"ganga-saptami","name":"Gaṅgā Saptamī","name_sanskrit":"गङ्गा सप्तमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Devī Gaṅgā","significance":"Gaṅgā Devī's descent to Brahma-loka before her earth-descent.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":7,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Gaṅgā Saptamī is not live yet; Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chicago"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 13, 1997 CE · Chicago, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 13, 1997 CE for Chicago, USA: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 04:33, sūryāsta 19:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chicago/1997-05-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:08:25.436Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T07:08:25.436Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T07:08:25.436Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}