{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:chennai:2025-07-05:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-07-05","date_display":"July 5, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460861.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872396.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.6661,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.9108,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.2448,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2448},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.9108,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2442},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.5769},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460861.770833,"ahargana":1872396.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2093,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":79.08814100000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":193.37944100000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.9193},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":135.51624099999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":104.73484099999996,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.445941,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":35.832741,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":337.744241,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":331.435,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":151.435,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":7,"day":5,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460861.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872396.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":78.6661,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":191.9108,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.2448,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.2448},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":191.9108,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2442},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":270.5769},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"elongation":113.245},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"opposition_distance":66.755}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"chennai","name":"Chennai, Tamil Nadu","lat":13.0827,"lon":80.2707,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":6},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"chennai","name":"Chennai, Tamil Nadu","lat":13.0827,"lon":80.2707,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Tamil Nadu","country":"IN","tier":"mega","elevation_m":6},"sunriseLocal":"05:47","sunsetLocal":"18:39","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":12.87081066157721,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:01","moonsetLocal":"01:39","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:00","end":"10:37","startHours":9.000788271212478,"endHours":10.609639603909631,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:50","end":"15:26","startHours":13.827342269303934,"endHours":15.436193602001083,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:47","end":"07:24","startHours":5.783085605818177,"endHours":7.391936938515328,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:13","startHours":8.786274760186192,"endHours":9.215301782238766,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:19","end":"06:40","startHours":6.3193693833838935,"endHours":6.662591001025953,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:47","end":"12:39","startHours":11.789463914554206,"endHours":12.647517958659355,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:04","end":"04:56","startHours":4.066977517607882,"endHours":4.92503156171303,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:43","end":"05:47","startHours":4.710518050686742,"endHours":5.783085605818177,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:13","startHours":14.363626046869651,"endHours":15.221680090974798,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:27","end":"18:51","startHours":18.453896267395386,"endHours":18.853896267395385,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:39","end":"19:11","startHours":18.653896267395385,"endHours":19.190180044961103,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:24","end":"20:09","startHours":18.403896267395385,"endHours":20.153896267395385,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:47","end":"00:39","startHours":23.789463914554208,"endHours":24.647517958659353,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:47","end":"07:24","startHours":5.783085605818177,"endHours":7.391936938515328,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:24","end":"09:00","startHours":7.391936938515328,"endHours":9.000788271212478,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:00","end":"10:37","startHours":9.000788271212478,"endHours":10.609639603909631,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:37","end":"12:13","startHours":10.609639603909631,"endHours":12.21849093660678,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:13","end":"13:50","startHours":12.21849093660678,"endHours":13.827342269303934,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:50","end":"15:26","startHours":13.827342269303934,"endHours":15.436193602001083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:26","end":"17:03","startHours":15.436193602001083,"endHours":17.045044934698236,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:03","end":"18:39","startHours":17.045044934698236,"endHours":18.653896267395385,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:39","end":"20:03","startHours":18.653896267395385,"endHours":20.045044934698232,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:03","end":"21:26","startHours":20.045044934698232,"endHours":21.436193602001083,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:26","end":"22:50","startHours":21.436193602001083,"endHours":22.827342269303934,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:50","end":"00:13","startHours":22.827342269303934,"endHours":24.21849093660678,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:13","end":"01:37","startHours":24.21849093660678,"endHours":25.609639603909628,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:37","end":"03:00","startHours":25.609639603909628,"endHours":27.00078827121248,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:00","end":"04:24","startHours":27.00078827121248,"endHours":28.39193693851533,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:24","end":"05:47","startHours":28.39193693851533,"endHours":29.783085605818176,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.783085605818177,"endHours":6.783085605818177,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.783085605818177,"endHours":7.783085605818177,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.783085605818177,"endHours":8.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.783085605818176,"endHours":9.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.783085605818176,"endHours":10.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.783085605818176,"endHours":11.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.783085605818176,"endHours":12.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.783085605818176,"endHours":13.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.783085605818176,"endHours":14.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.783085605818176,"endHours":15.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.783085605818176,"endHours":16.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.783085605818176,"endHours":17.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.783085605818176,"endHours":18.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.783085605818176,"endHours":19.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.783085605818176,"endHours":20.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.783085605818176,"endHours":21.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.783085605818176,"endHours":22.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.783085605818176,"endHours":23.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.783085605818176,"endHours":24.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.783085605818176,"endHours":25.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.783085605818176,"endHours":26.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.783085605818176,"endHours":27.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.783085605818176,"endHours":28.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.783085605818176,"endHours":29.783085605818176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":22.772241197325815,"eotMinutes":-4.192256196406893,"ayanamsa":24.2093}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"chennai"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 5, 2025 CE · Chennai, Tamil Nadu · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 5, 2025 CE for Chennai, Tamil Nadu: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 05:47, sūryāsta 18:39.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/chennai/2025-07-05"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-07-23T19:48:16.234Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-07-23T19:48:16.234Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-07-23T19:48:16.234Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no founder-city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","Divyāṁśa-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}