{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:boston:2017-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.8593,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5128,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.6535,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6535},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5128,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1795},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.3722},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0911,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":272.002478,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.64247799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1764},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":326.51127799999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":247.884278,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":177.84507800000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":318.84227799999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":238.74527799999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":135.264,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":315.264,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457769.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869304.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.8593,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":137.5128,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":225.6535,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6535},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":137.5128,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1795},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":49.3722},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.176,"elongation":134.347},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.176,"opposition_distance":45.653}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"boston","name":"Boston, USA","lat":42.3601,"lon":-71.0589,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"boston","name":"Boston, USA","lat":42.3601,"lon":-71.0589,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"07:10","sunsetLocal":"16:37","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":9.449858947006504,"dayLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 26 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 33 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:27","moonsetLocal":"09:26","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"09:32","startHours":8.355111253902187,"endHours":9.536343622278,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:43","end":"11:54","startHours":10.717575990653813,"endHours":11.898808359029626,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:05","end":"14:16","startHours":13.08004072740544,"endHours":14.261273095781252,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:23","end":"09:42","startHours":9.378845973161226,"endHours":9.693841271394776,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:49","startHours":7.567623008318312,"endHours":7.819619246905152,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:35","end":"12:13","startHours":11.583813060796077,"endHours":12.213803657263176,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:55","end":"06:33","startHours":5.913897692592173,"endHours":6.543888289059274,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:23","end":"07:10","startHours":6.386390639942499,"endHours":7.173878885526374,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:28","end":"14:06","startHours":13.473784850197378,"endHours":14.103775446664478,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:25","end":"16:49","startHours":16.42373783253288,"endHours":16.823737832532878,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:37","end":"17:01","startHours":16.62373783253288,"endHours":17.017481955324815,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:22","end":"18:07","startHours":16.37373783253288,"endHours":18.12373783253288,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:35","end":"00:13","startHours":23.583813060796075,"endHours":24.213803657263178,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:10","end":"08:21","startHours":7.173878885526374,"endHours":8.355111253902187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:21","end":"09:32","startHours":8.355111253902187,"endHours":9.536343622278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:32","end":"10:43","startHours":9.536343622278,"endHours":10.717575990653813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:43","end":"11:54","startHours":10.717575990653813,"endHours":11.898808359029626,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:54","end":"13:05","startHours":11.898808359029626,"endHours":13.08004072740544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:05","end":"14:16","startHours":13.08004072740544,"endHours":14.261273095781252,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:16","end":"15:27","startHours":14.261273095781252,"endHours":15.442505464157065,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:27","end":"16:37","startHours":15.442505464157065,"endHours":16.62373783253288,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"16:37","end":"18:27","startHours":16.62373783253288,"endHours":18.442505464157065,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:27","end":"20:16","startHours":18.442505464157065,"endHours":20.261273095781252,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:16","end":"22:05","startHours":20.261273095781252,"endHours":22.08004072740544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:05","end":"23:54","startHours":22.08004072740544,"endHours":23.898808359029626,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:54","end":"01:43","startHours":23.898808359029626,"endHours":25.717575990653813,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:43","end":"03:32","startHours":25.717575990653813,"endHours":27.536343622278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:32","end":"05:21","startHours":27.536343622278,"endHours":29.355111253902187,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:21","end":"07:10","startHours":29.355111253902187,"endHours":31.173878885526374,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.173878885526374,"endHours":8.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.173878885526374,"endHours":9.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.173878885526374,"endHours":10.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.173878885526374,"endHours":11.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.173878885526374,"endHours":12.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.173878885526374,"endHours":13.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.173878885526374,"endHours":14.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.173878885526374,"endHours":15.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.173878885526374,"endHours":16.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.173878885526374,"endHours":17.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.173878885526374,"endHours":18.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.173878885526374,"endHours":19.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.173878885526374,"endHours":20.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.173878885526374,"endHours":21.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.173878885526374,"endHours":22.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.173878885526374,"endHours":23.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.173878885526374,"endHours":24.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.173878885526374,"endHours":25.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.173878885526374,"endHours":26.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.173878885526374,"endHours":27.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.173878885526374,"endHours":28.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.173878885526374,"endHours":29.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.173878885526374,"endHours":30.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":30.173878885526374,"endHours":31.173878885526374,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.9279897528284,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.0911}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"boston"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2017 CE · Boston, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2017 CE for Boston, USA: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:10, sūryāsta 16:37.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2017-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:21:11.449Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T14:21:11.449Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T14:21:11.449Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}