{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:boston:2001-10-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-10-31","date_display":"October 31, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452213.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863748.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.1152,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":358.5247,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":165.4095,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4095},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":358.5247,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.858},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":191.6398},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452213.770833,"ahargana":1863748.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8786,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.807458,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":0.006757999999990716,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.2575},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":278.394358,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":175.40365799999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":81.70745799999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":175.47615799999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":49.984357999999986,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":69.6476,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":249.6476,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":10,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452213.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863748.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":193.1152,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":358.5247,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":165.4095,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.4095},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":358.5247,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.858},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":191.6398},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.258,"elongation":165.41},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.258,"opposition_distance":14.59}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"boston","name":"Boston, USA","lat":42.3601,"lon":-71.0589,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"boston","name":"Boston, USA","lat":42.3601,"lon":-71.0589,"tz_offset_hours":-5,"country":"US","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:16","sunsetLocal":"16:40","solarNoonLocal":"11:28","dayLengthHours":10.39704349674004,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 23 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 36 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:55","moonsetLocal":"05:10","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:28","end":"12:46","startHours":11.463047007491195,"endHours":12.762677444583698,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:34","end":"08:52","startHours":7.564155696213679,"endHours":8.863786133306185,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:10","end":"11:28","startHours":10.163416570398688,"endHours":11.463047007491195,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:41","end":"09:02","startHours":8.690502075027183,"endHours":9.037070191585185,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:42","end":"06:58","startHours":6.697735404818676,"endHours":6.974989898065077,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:07","end":"11:49","startHours":11.116478890933193,"endHours":11.809615124049197,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:34","startHours":4.878252792889169,"endHours":5.571389026005171,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:24","end":"06:16","startHours":5.398104967726171,"endHours":6.264525259121174,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:12","end":"13:53","startHours":13.195887590281199,"endHours":13.889023823397201,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"16:28","end":"16:52","startHours":16.461568755861215,"endHours":16.861568755861214,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"16:40","end":"17:06","startHours":16.661568755861214,"endHours":17.094778901558715,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"16:25","end":"18:10","startHours":16.411568755861214,"endHours":18.161568755861214,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:07","end":"23:49","startHours":23.116478890933195,"endHours":23.809615124049195,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:16","end":"07:34","startHours":6.264525259121174,"endHours":7.564155696213679,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:34","end":"08:52","startHours":7.564155696213679,"endHours":8.863786133306185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:52","end":"10:10","startHours":8.863786133306185,"endHours":10.163416570398688,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:10","end":"11:28","startHours":10.163416570398688,"endHours":11.463047007491195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:28","end":"12:46","startHours":11.463047007491195,"endHours":12.762677444583698,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:46","end":"14:04","startHours":12.762677444583698,"endHours":14.062307881676205,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:04","end":"15:22","startHours":14.062307881676205,"endHours":15.361938318768708,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:22","end":"16:40","startHours":15.361938318768708,"endHours":16.661568755861214,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:40","end":"18:22","startHours":16.661568755861214,"endHours":18.361938318768708,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"18:22","end":"20:04","startHours":18.361938318768708,"endHours":20.062307881676205,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:04","end":"21:46","startHours":20.062307881676205,"endHours":21.7626774445837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:46","end":"23:28","startHours":21.7626774445837,"endHours":23.463047007491195,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:28","end":"01:10","startHours":23.463047007491195,"endHours":25.163416570398688,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:10","end":"02:52","startHours":25.163416570398688,"endHours":26.863786133306185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:52","end":"04:34","startHours":26.863786133306185,"endHours":28.564155696213682,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:34","end":"06:16","startHours":28.564155696213682,"endHours":30.264525259121175,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.264525259121174,"endHours":7.264525259121174,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.264525259121174,"endHours":8.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.264525259121175,"endHours":9.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.264525259121175,"endHours":10.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.264525259121175,"endHours":11.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.264525259121175,"endHours":12.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.264525259121175,"endHours":13.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.264525259121175,"endHours":14.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.264525259121175,"endHours":15.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.264525259121175,"endHours":16.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.264525259121175,"endHours":17.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.264525259121175,"endHours":18.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.264525259121175,"endHours":19.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.264525259121175,"endHours":20.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.264525259121175,"endHours":21.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.264525259121175,"endHours":22.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.264525259121175,"endHours":23.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.264525259121175,"endHours":24.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.264525259121175,"endHours":25.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.264525259121175,"endHours":26.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.264525259121175,"endHours":27.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.264525259121175,"endHours":28.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.264525259121175,"endHours":29.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.264525259121175,"endHours":30.264525259121175,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-14.072387354565523,"eotMinutes":16.45277955052819,"ayanamsa":23.8786}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"boston"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 31, 2001 CE · Boston, USA · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 31, 2001 CE for Boston, USA: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:16, sūryāsta 16:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/boston/2001-10-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:30:37.577Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-06T08:30:37.577Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-06T08:30:37.577Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}