{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bikaner:2017-04-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-04-01","date_display":"April 1, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457844.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869379.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.5417,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4956,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.954},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.4956,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.829},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":26.0373},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457844.770833,"ahargana":1869379.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0939,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.414813,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":41.04431299999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4946},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":21.391212999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":6.081912999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":174.58351300000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":336.719213,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":243.50381300000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":131.2901,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":311.2901,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":4,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457844.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869379.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":347.5417,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":38.4956,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":50.954,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.954},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":38.4956,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.829},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":26.0373},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":8,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"elongation":50.954},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"opposition_distance":129.046}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"bikaner","name":"Bikaner, Rajasthan","lat":28.0229,"lon":73.3119,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bikaner","name":"Bikaner, Rajasthan","lat":28.0229,"lon":73.3119,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Rajasthan","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:28","sunsetLocal":"18:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:41","dayLengthHours":12.450137419432398,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:25","moonsetLocal":"23:06","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:34","end":"11:08","startHours":9.57241058016109,"endHours":11.12867775759014,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:14","end":"15:48","startHours":14.241212112448238,"endHours":15.797479289877291,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:28","end":"08:01","startHours":6.459876225302991,"endHours":8.016143402732041,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:22","end":"09:47","startHours":9.364908289837217,"endHours":9.779912870484964,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:59","end":"07:19","startHours":6.978631951112674,"endHours":7.310635615630871,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:06","startHours":12.269940354371444,"endHours":13.099949515666937,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:48","end":"05:38","startHours":4.799857902712004,"endHours":5.629867064007498,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:25","end":"06:28","startHours":5.422364773683625,"endHours":6.459876225302991,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:46","end":"15:35","startHours":14.759967838257921,"endHours":15.589976999553414,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:43","end":"19:07","startHours":18.71001364473539,"endHours":19.11001364473539,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:55","end":"19:26","startHours":18.91001364473539,"endHours":19.428769370545073,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:25","startHours":18.66001364473539,"endHours":20.41001364473539,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:06","startHours":24.269940354371442,"endHours":25.099949515666935,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:28","end":"08:01","startHours":6.459876225302991,"endHours":8.016143402732041,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:01","end":"09:34","startHours":8.016143402732041,"endHours":9.57241058016109,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:34","end":"11:08","startHours":9.57241058016109,"endHours":11.12867775759014,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:08","end":"12:41","startHours":11.12867775759014,"endHours":12.684944935019189,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:41","end":"14:14","startHours":12.684944935019189,"endHours":14.241212112448238,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:14","end":"15:48","startHours":14.241212112448238,"endHours":15.797479289877291,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:48","end":"17:21","startHours":15.797479289877291,"endHours":17.35374646730634,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"18:55","startHours":17.35374646730634,"endHours":18.91001364473539,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:55","end":"20:21","startHours":18.91001364473539,"endHours":20.35374646730634,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:21","end":"21:48","startHours":20.35374646730634,"endHours":21.79747928987729,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:48","end":"23:14","startHours":21.79747928987729,"endHours":23.24121211244824,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:14","end":"00:41","startHours":23.24121211244824,"endHours":24.68494493501919,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:41","end":"02:08","startHours":24.68494493501919,"endHours":26.12867775759014,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:08","end":"03:34","startHours":26.12867775759014,"endHours":27.57241058016109,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:34","end":"05:01","startHours":27.57241058016109,"endHours":29.01614340273204,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:01","end":"06:28","startHours":29.01614340273204,"endHours":30.45987622530299,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:28","end":"07:28","startHours":6.459876225302991,"endHours":7.459876225302991,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:28","end":"08:28","startHours":7.459876225302991,"endHours":8.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:28","end":"09:28","startHours":8.459876225302992,"endHours":9.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:28","end":"10:28","startHours":9.459876225302992,"endHours":10.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:28","end":"11:28","startHours":10.459876225302992,"endHours":11.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:28","end":"12:28","startHours":11.459876225302992,"endHours":12.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:28","end":"13:28","startHours":12.459876225302992,"endHours":13.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:28","end":"14:28","startHours":13.459876225302992,"endHours":14.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:28","end":"15:28","startHours":14.459876225302992,"endHours":15.459876225302992,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:28","end":"16:28","startHours":15.459876225302992,"endHours":16.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:28","end":"17:28","startHours":16.45987622530299,"endHours":17.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:28","end":"18:28","startHours":17.45987622530299,"endHours":18.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:28","end":"19:28","startHours":18.45987622530299,"endHours":19.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:28","end":"20:28","startHours":19.45987622530299,"endHours":20.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:28","end":"21:28","startHours":20.45987622530299,"endHours":21.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:28","end":"22:28","startHours":21.45987622530299,"endHours":22.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:28","end":"23:28","startHours":22.45987622530299,"endHours":23.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:28","end":"00:28","startHours":23.45987622530299,"endHours":24.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:28","end":"01:28","startHours":24.45987622530299,"endHours":25.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:28","end":"02:28","startHours":25.45987622530299,"endHours":26.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:28","end":"03:28","startHours":26.45987622530299,"endHours":27.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:28","end":"04:28","startHours":27.45987622530299,"endHours":28.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:28","end":"05:28","startHours":28.45987622530299,"endHours":29.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:28","end":"06:28","startHours":29.45987622530299,"endHours":30.45987622530299,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":4.551455733712049,"eotMinutes":-4.344296101151456,"ayanamsa":24.0939}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"ramanuja-jayanti","name":"Rāmānujācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"रामानुजाचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rāmānujācārya (Viśiṣṭādvaita)","significance":"Birth of Rāmānujācārya; Viśiṣṭādvaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka. Caitra Śukla 5.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":3},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Kṛttikā","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bikaner"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 1, 2017 CE · Bikaner, Rajasthan · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 1, 2017 CE for Bikaner, Rajasthan: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:28, sūryāsta 18:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bikaner/2017-04-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:08:31.637Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:08:31.637Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:08:31.637Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}