{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bhavnagar:2017-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458115.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869650.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.0663,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.882,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.8158,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.8158},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.882,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.882},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9483},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458115.770833,"ahargana":1869650.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1043,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.37995899999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":2.7255589999999756,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1992},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":197.28785900000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":230.24165900000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":201.91395899999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":249.204659,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":246.67235899999991,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":116.9313,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":296.9313,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458115.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869650.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.0663,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":5.882,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":113.8158,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.8158},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":5.882,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.882},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.9483},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":18,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.199,"elongation":113.816},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.199,"opposition_distance":66.184}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:19","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":10.813257016743627,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 48 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 12 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:45","moonsetLocal":"02:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:04","end":"15:25","startHours":14.072982201497746,"endHours":15.4246393285907,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:19","end":"08:40","startHours":7.314696566032979,"endHours":8.666353693125933,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:01","end":"11:22","startHours":10.018010820218887,"endHours":11.36966794731184,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:12","startHours":9.837789869939826,"endHours":10.198231770497946,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:46","end":"08:03","startHours":7.76524894173063,"endHours":8.053602462177126,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:05","startHours":12.360883173846672,"endHours":13.081766974962912,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:52","end":"06:36","startHours":5.872928963800495,"endHours":6.593812764916738,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:25","end":"07:19","startHours":6.413591814637677,"endHours":7.314696566032979,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:15","startHours":14.523534577195399,"endHours":15.244418378311641,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.927953582776606,"endHours":18.327953582776605,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:35","startHours":18.127953582776605,"endHours":18.578505958474256,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.877953582776605,"endHours":19.627953582776605,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:05","startHours":24.36088317384667,"endHours":25.081766974962914,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:19","end":"08:40","startHours":7.314696566032979,"endHours":8.666353693125933,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:40","end":"10:01","startHours":8.666353693125933,"endHours":10.018010820218887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:01","end":"11:22","startHours":10.018010820218887,"endHours":11.36966794731184,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:22","end":"12:43","startHours":11.36966794731184,"endHours":12.721325074404792,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:43","end":"14:04","startHours":12.721325074404792,"endHours":14.072982201497746,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:04","end":"15:25","startHours":14.072982201497746,"endHours":15.4246393285907,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:25","end":"16:47","startHours":15.4246393285907,"endHours":16.776296455683653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:47","end":"18:08","startHours":16.776296455683653,"endHours":18.127953582776605,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:08","end":"19:47","startHours":18.127953582776605,"endHours":19.776296455683653,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:47","end":"21:25","startHours":19.776296455683653,"endHours":21.4246393285907,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:25","end":"23:04","startHours":21.4246393285907,"endHours":23.072982201497744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:04","end":"00:43","startHours":23.072982201497744,"endHours":24.721325074404792,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:43","end":"02:22","startHours":24.721325074404792,"endHours":26.36966794731184,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:22","end":"04:01","startHours":26.36966794731184,"endHours":28.018010820218883,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:01","end":"05:40","startHours":28.018010820218883,"endHours":29.66635369312593,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:40","end":"07:19","startHours":29.66635369312593,"endHours":31.31469656603298,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.314696566032979,"endHours":8.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.314696566032978,"endHours":9.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.314696566032978,"endHours":10.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.314696566032978,"endHours":11.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.314696566032978,"endHours":12.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.314696566032978,"endHours":13.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.314696566032978,"endHours":14.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.314696566032978,"endHours":15.314696566032978,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.314696566032978,"endHours":16.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.31469656603298,"endHours":17.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.31469656603298,"endHours":18.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.31469656603298,"endHours":19.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.31469656603298,"endHours":20.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.31469656603298,"endHours":21.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.31469656603298,"endHours":22.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.31469656603298,"endHours":23.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.31469656603298,"endHours":24.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.31469656603298,"endHours":25.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.31469656603298,"endHours":26.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.31469656603298,"endHours":27.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.31469656603298,"endHours":28.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.31469656603298,"endHours":29.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.31469656603298,"endHours":30.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":30.31469656603298,"endHours":31.31469656603298,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.277708030795278,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":24.1043}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bhavnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 2017 CE · Bhavnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 2017 CE for Bhavnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:19, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2017-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T11:54:42.186Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T11:54:42.186Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T11:54:42.186Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}