{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bhavnagar:2013-07-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-07-01","date_display":"July 1, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456474.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868009.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":74.9797,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":351.8167,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":276.837,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.837},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":351.8167,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.15},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":66.7964},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456474.770833,"ahargana":1868009.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0415,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":75.34535700000004,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":355.102757,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.387},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":57.24115699999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":88.17535700000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":66.59735699999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":99.811057,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":190.57295699999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":203.8793,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":23.8793,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":7,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456474.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868009.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":74.9797,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":351.8167,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":276.837,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.837},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":351.8167,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.15},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":66.7964},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.387,"elongation":83.163},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.387,"opposition_distance":96.837}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:02","sunsetLocal":"19:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":13.439760458242514,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 26 Mins 23 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 33 Mins 37 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:09","moonsetLocal":"13:38","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:42","end":"09:23","startHours":7.707834581566905,"endHours":9.38780463884722,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:04","end":"12:45","startHours":11.067774696127533,"endHours":12.747744753407847,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:26","end":"16:06","startHours":14.427714810688162,"endHours":16.107684867968477,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:37","startHours":9.163808631209845,"endHours":9.611800646484594,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:35","end":"06:57","startHours":6.587854543380029,"endHours":6.94624815559983,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:12","startHours":12.2997527381331,"endHours":13.195736768682599,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:14","end":"05:08","startHours":4.235896463187589,"endHours":5.13188049373709,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"06:02","startHours":4.907884486099715,"endHours":6.027864524286591,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:59","end":"15:53","startHours":14.987704829781599,"endHours":15.8836888603311,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:16","end":"19:40","startHours":19.267624982529107,"endHours":19.667624982529105,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:28","end":"20:02","startHours":19.467624982529106,"endHours":20.027615001622543,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:13","end":"20:58","startHours":19.217624982529106,"endHours":20.967624982529106,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:12","startHours":24.2997527381331,"endHours":25.1957367686826,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:02","end":"07:42","startHours":6.027864524286591,"endHours":7.707834581566905,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:42","end":"09:23","startHours":7.707834581566905,"endHours":9.38780463884722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:23","end":"11:04","startHours":9.38780463884722,"endHours":11.067774696127533,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:04","end":"12:45","startHours":11.067774696127533,"endHours":12.747744753407847,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:45","end":"14:26","startHours":12.747744753407847,"endHours":14.427714810688162,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:26","end":"16:06","startHours":14.427714810688162,"endHours":16.107684867968477,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:06","end":"17:47","startHours":16.107684867968477,"endHours":17.78765492524879,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:47","end":"19:28","startHours":17.78765492524879,"endHours":19.467624982529106,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"19:28","end":"20:47","startHours":19.467624982529106,"endHours":20.78765492524879,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:47","end":"22:06","startHours":20.78765492524879,"endHours":22.107684867968477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:06","end":"23:26","startHours":22.107684867968477,"endHours":23.427714810688162,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:26","end":"00:45","startHours":23.427714810688162,"endHours":24.74774475340785,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:45","end":"02:04","startHours":24.74774475340785,"endHours":26.067774696127536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:04","end":"03:23","startHours":26.067774696127536,"endHours":27.38780463884722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:23","end":"04:42","startHours":27.38780463884722,"endHours":28.707834581566907,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:42","end":"06:02","startHours":28.707834581566907,"endHours":30.027864524286592,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.027864524286591,"endHours":7.027864524286591,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.027864524286591,"endHours":8.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.027864524286592,"endHours":9.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.027864524286592,"endHours":10.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.027864524286592,"endHours":11.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.027864524286592,"endHours":12.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.027864524286592,"endHours":13.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.027864524286592,"endHours":14.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.027864524286592,"endHours":15.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.027864524286592,"endHours":16.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.027864524286592,"endHours":17.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.027864524286592,"endHours":18.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.027864524286592,"endHours":19.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.027864524286592,"endHours":20.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.027864524286592,"endHours":21.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.027864524286592,"endHours":22.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.027864524286592,"endHours":23.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.027864524286592,"endHours":24.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.027864524286592,"endHours":25.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.027864524286592,"endHours":26.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.027864524286592,"endHours":27.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.027864524286592,"endHours":28.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.027864524286592,"endHours":29.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.027864524286592,"endHours":30.027864524286592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":23.104332229733252,"eotMinutes":-3.4722852044708983,"ayanamsa":24.0415}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bhavnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 1, 2013 CE · Bhavnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 1, 2013 CE for Bhavnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:02, sūryāsta 19:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2013-07-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T16:43:09.185Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T16:43:09.185Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T16:43:09.185Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}