{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bhavnagar:2005-12-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2005-12-20","date_display":"December 20, 2005 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2005,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453724.770833,"kali_year":5107,"ahargana":1865259.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.9538,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":116.0396,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.0858,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0858},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":116.0396,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.373},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":359.9935},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2005,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453724.770833,"ahargana":1865259.2708,"kali_year":5107,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9364,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":244.30932699999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":113.44642700000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.6183},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":14.842827,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":224.47512699999993,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":197.91632700000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":277.067327,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":106.535327,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":349.5876,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":169.5876,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2005,"month":12,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2453724.770833,"kali_year":5107,"ahargana":1865259.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":243.9538,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":116.0396,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":232.0858,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0858},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":116.0396,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.373},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":359.9935},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.618,"elongation":127.914},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.618,"opposition_distance":52.086}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:15","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":10.80399555036086,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:28","moonsetLocal":"10:24","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:22","end":"16:43","startHours":15.360006928882402,"endHours":16.71050637267751,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:57","end":"11:19","startHours":9.958009153701973,"endHours":11.308508597497081,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:40","end":"14:01","startHours":12.65900804129219,"endHours":14.009507485087296,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:47","end":"10:08","startHours":9.77794256119596,"endHours":10.138075746207988,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:42","end":"08:00","startHours":7.707176747376795,"endHours":7.995283295386417,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:01","startHours":12.298874856280161,"endHours":13.019141226304217,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:49","end":"06:32","startHours":5.816477526063644,"endHours":6.536743896087701,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:21","end":"07:15","startHours":6.356677303581687,"endHours":7.257010266111759,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:11","startHours":14.459673966352332,"endHours":15.17994033637639,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.86100581647262,"endHours":18.26100581647262,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:31","startHours":18.06100581647262,"endHours":18.511172297737655,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.81100581647262,"endHours":19.56100581647262,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:01","startHours":24.29887485628016,"endHours":25.019141226304217,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:15","end":"08:36","startHours":7.257010266111759,"endHours":8.607509709906866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:36","end":"09:57","startHours":8.607509709906866,"endHours":9.958009153701973,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:57","end":"11:19","startHours":9.958009153701973,"endHours":11.308508597497081,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:19","end":"12:40","startHours":11.308508597497081,"endHours":12.65900804129219,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:40","end":"14:01","startHours":12.65900804129219,"endHours":14.009507485087296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:01","end":"15:22","startHours":14.009507485087296,"endHours":15.360006928882402,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:22","end":"16:43","startHours":15.360006928882402,"endHours":16.71050637267751,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:43","end":"18:04","startHours":16.71050637267751,"endHours":18.06100581647262,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:04","end":"19:43","startHours":18.06100581647262,"endHours":19.71050637267751,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:43","end":"21:22","startHours":19.71050637267751,"endHours":21.360006928882406,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:22","end":"23:01","startHours":21.360006928882406,"endHours":23.009507485087298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:01","end":"00:40","startHours":23.009507485087298,"endHours":24.65900804129219,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:40","end":"02:19","startHours":24.65900804129219,"endHours":26.30850859749708,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:19","end":"03:57","startHours":26.30850859749708,"endHours":27.958009153701973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:57","end":"05:36","startHours":27.958009153701973,"endHours":29.607509709906868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:36","end":"07:15","startHours":29.607509709906868,"endHours":31.25701026611176,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:15","end":"08:15","startHours":7.257010266111759,"endHours":8.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:15","end":"09:15","startHours":8.25701026611176,"endHours":9.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:15","end":"10:15","startHours":9.25701026611176,"endHours":10.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:15","end":"11:15","startHours":10.25701026611176,"endHours":11.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:15","end":"12:15","startHours":11.25701026611176,"endHours":12.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:15","end":"13:15","startHours":12.25701026611176,"endHours":13.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:15","end":"14:15","startHours":13.25701026611176,"endHours":14.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:15","end":"15:15","startHours":14.25701026611176,"endHours":15.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:15","end":"16:15","startHours":15.25701026611176,"endHours":16.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:15","end":"17:15","startHours":16.25701026611176,"endHours":17.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:15","end":"18:15","startHours":17.25701026611176,"endHours":18.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:15","end":"19:15","startHours":18.25701026611176,"endHours":19.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:15","end":"20:15","startHours":19.25701026611176,"endHours":20.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:15","end":"21:15","startHours":20.25701026611176,"endHours":21.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:15","end":"22:15","startHours":21.25701026611176,"endHours":22.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:15","end":"23:15","startHours":22.25701026611176,"endHours":23.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:15","end":"00:15","startHours":23.25701026611176,"endHours":24.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:15","end":"01:15","startHours":24.25701026611176,"endHours":25.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:15","end":"02:15","startHours":25.25701026611176,"endHours":26.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:15","end":"03:15","startHours":26.25701026611176,"endHours":27.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:15","end":"04:15","startHours":27.25701026611176,"endHours":28.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:15","end":"05:15","startHours":28.25701026611176,"endHours":29.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:15","end":"06:15","startHours":29.25701026611176,"endHours":30.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:15","end":"07:15","startHours":30.25701026611176,"endHours":31.25701026611176,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.424859464345886,"eotMinutes":1.851917522468745,"ayanamsa":23.9364}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2062,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vilambī","saka_samvat":1927,"saka_samvatsara":"Pārthiva","bengali_samvat":1412,"malayalam_era":1181,"nanakshahi_year":536,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2062 Vilambī · Śaka 1927 Pārthiva"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bhavnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 20, 2005 CE · Bhavnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 20, 2005 CE for Bhavnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:15, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2005-12-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T09:31:09.905Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T09:31:09.905Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T09:31:09.905Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}