{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bhavnagar:2003-05-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2003-05-01","date_display":"May 1, 2003 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.432,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.9519,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.5199,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5199},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.9519,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9519},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.3839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"kali_year":5105,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8995,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.377058999999974,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.34815900000001,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.1602},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":281.4216590000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":25.93575900000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":105.21765900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":347.418059,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":62.02715899999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.6649,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.6649,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2003,"month":5,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452760.770833,"kali_year":5105,"ahargana":1864295.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":16.432,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":11.9519,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.5199,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5199},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":11.9519,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9519},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":28.3839},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.16,"elongation":4.48},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.16,"opposition_distance":175.52}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":15,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.804,"opposition_distance":1.295}]},"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:10","sunsetLocal":"19:07","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.937634936518176,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 56 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 03 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:54","moonsetLocal":"18:43","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:53","startHours":14.258444244915326,"endHours":15.875648611980097,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:10","end":"07:47","startHours":6.172422409591466,"endHours":7.789626776656238,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:24","end":"11:01","startHours":9.40683114372101,"endHours":11.024035510785781,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:37","startHours":9.19120389477904,"endHours":9.62245839266298,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:43","end":"07:03","startHours":6.71149053194639,"endHours":7.056494130253541,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:04","startHours":12.209985379966614,"endHours":13.072494375734493,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:19","startHours":4.447404418055709,"endHours":5.309913413823587,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:06","end":"06:10","startHours":5.094286164881618,"endHours":6.172422409591466,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:40","startHours":14.79751236727025,"endHours":15.66002136303813,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:55","end":"19:19","startHours":18.910057346109642,"endHours":19.31005734610964,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:07","end":"19:39","startHours":19.11005734610964,"endHours":19.649125468464565,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:52","end":"20:37","startHours":18.86005734610964,"endHours":20.61005734610964,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:04","startHours":24.209985379966614,"endHours":25.07249437573449,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:10","end":"07:47","startHours":6.172422409591466,"endHours":7.789626776656238,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:47","end":"09:24","startHours":7.789626776656238,"endHours":9.40683114372101,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:24","end":"11:01","startHours":9.40683114372101,"endHours":11.024035510785781,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:01","end":"12:38","startHours":11.024035510785781,"endHours":12.641239877850554,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:38","end":"14:16","startHours":12.641239877850554,"endHours":14.258444244915326,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:16","end":"15:53","startHours":14.258444244915326,"endHours":15.875648611980097,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:53","end":"17:30","startHours":15.875648611980097,"endHours":17.49285297904487,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:30","end":"19:07","startHours":17.49285297904487,"endHours":19.11005734610964,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:07","end":"20:30","startHours":19.11005734610964,"endHours":20.49285297904487,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:30","end":"21:53","startHours":20.49285297904487,"endHours":21.875648611980097,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:53","end":"23:16","startHours":21.875648611980097,"endHours":23.258444244915324,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:16","end":"00:38","startHours":23.258444244915324,"endHours":24.641239877850552,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:38","end":"02:01","startHours":24.641239877850552,"endHours":26.02403551078578,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:01","end":"03:24","startHours":26.02403551078578,"endHours":27.40683114372101,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:24","end":"04:47","startHours":27.40683114372101,"endHours":28.789626776656238,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:47","end":"06:10","startHours":28.789626776656238,"endHours":30.172422409591466,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:10","end":"07:10","startHours":6.172422409591466,"endHours":7.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:10","end":"08:10","startHours":7.172422409591466,"endHours":8.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:10","end":"09:10","startHours":8.172422409591466,"endHours":9.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:10","end":"10:10","startHours":9.172422409591466,"endHours":10.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:10","end":"11:10","startHours":10.172422409591466,"endHours":11.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:10","end":"12:10","startHours":11.172422409591466,"endHours":12.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:10","end":"13:10","startHours":12.172422409591466,"endHours":13.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:10","end":"14:10","startHours":13.172422409591466,"endHours":14.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:10","end":"15:10","startHours":14.172422409591466,"endHours":15.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:10","end":"16:10","startHours":15.172422409591466,"endHours":16.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:10","end":"17:10","startHours":16.172422409591466,"endHours":17.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:10","end":"18:10","startHours":17.172422409591466,"endHours":18.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:10","end":"19:10","startHours":18.172422409591466,"endHours":19.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:10","end":"20:10","startHours":19.172422409591466,"endHours":20.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:10","end":"21:10","startHours":20.172422409591466,"endHours":21.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:10","end":"22:10","startHours":21.172422409591466,"endHours":22.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:10","end":"23:10","startHours":22.172422409591466,"endHours":23.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:10","end":"00:10","startHours":23.172422409591466,"endHours":24.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:10","end":"01:10","startHours":24.172422409591466,"endHours":25.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:10","end":"02:10","startHours":25.172422409591466,"endHours":26.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:10","end":"03:10","startHours":26.172422409591466,"endHours":27.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:10","end":"04:10","startHours":27.172422409591466,"endHours":28.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:10","end":"05:10","startHours":28.172422409591466,"endHours":29.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:10","end":"06:10","startHours":29.172422409591466,"endHours":30.172422409591466,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.89954784595192,"eotMinutes":2.918007328966811,"ayanamsa":23.8995}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2060,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","saka_samvat":1925,"saka_samvatsara":"Subhānu","bengali_samvat":1410,"malayalam_era":1179,"nanakshahi_year":534,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2060 Durmukhi · Śaka 1925 Subhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bhavnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 1, 2003 CE · Bhavnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 1, 2003 CE for Bhavnagar, Gujarat: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:10, sūryāsta 19:07.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/2003-05-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T06:30:57.904Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T06:30:57.904Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T06:30:57.904Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}