{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:bhavnagar:1981-12-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-12-28","date_display":"December 28, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444966.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856501.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.3903,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7047,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":19.3144,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.3144},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":271.7047,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0381},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":164.095},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444966.770833,"ahargana":1856501.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.6014,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.61654699999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":270.44324699999993,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1509},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":162.01024699999994,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.871447,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":192.29924699999992,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":285.24614700000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":177.33524699999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":93.6286,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":273.6286,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":12,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444966.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856501.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":252.3903,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.7047,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":19.3144,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.3144},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":271.7047,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.0381},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":164.095},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":3,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.151,"elongation":19.314},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.151,"opposition_distance":160.686}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"bhavnagar","name":"Bhavnagar, Gujarat","lat":21.7645,"lon":72.1519,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Gujarat","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:19","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":10.81245502648843,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 48 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 11 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:28","moonsetLocal":"19:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:40","end":"10:01","startHours":8.66665443947163,"endHours":10.018211317782683,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:22","end":"12:43","startHours":11.369768196093737,"endHours":12.721325074404792,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:04","end":"15:25","startHours":14.072881952715845,"endHours":15.424438831026897,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:50","end":"10:12","startHours":9.838003734007877,"endHours":10.19841890155749,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:46","end":"08:03","startHours":7.765616520597594,"endHours":8.053948654637285,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:05","startHours":12.360909906855177,"endHours":13.081740241954407,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:52","end":"06:36","startHours":5.873436890962119,"endHours":6.594267226061348,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:25","end":"07:19","startHours":6.41405964228654,"endHours":7.315097561160576,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:31","end":"15:15","startHours":14.523400912152862,"endHours":15.24423124725209,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.927552587649007,"endHours":18.327552587649006,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:35","startHours":18.127552587649006,"endHours":18.578071547086026,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.877552587649006,"endHours":19.627552587649006,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:05","startHours":24.360909906855177,"endHours":25.081740241954407,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:19","end":"08:40","startHours":7.315097561160576,"endHours":8.66665443947163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:40","end":"10:01","startHours":8.66665443947163,"endHours":10.018211317782683,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:01","end":"11:22","startHours":10.018211317782683,"endHours":11.369768196093737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:22","end":"12:43","startHours":11.369768196093737,"endHours":12.721325074404792,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:43","end":"14:04","startHours":12.721325074404792,"endHours":14.072881952715845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:04","end":"15:25","startHours":14.072881952715845,"endHours":15.424438831026897,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:25","end":"16:47","startHours":15.424438831026897,"endHours":16.775995709337952,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:47","end":"18:08","startHours":16.775995709337952,"endHours":18.127552587649006,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:08","end":"19:47","startHours":18.127552587649006,"endHours":19.775995709337952,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:47","end":"21:25","startHours":19.775995709337952,"endHours":21.424438831026897,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:25","end":"23:04","startHours":21.424438831026897,"endHours":23.072881952715846,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:04","end":"00:43","startHours":23.072881952715846,"endHours":24.721325074404792,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:43","end":"02:22","startHours":24.721325074404792,"endHours":26.369768196093737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:22","end":"04:01","startHours":26.369768196093737,"endHours":28.018211317782686,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:01","end":"05:40","startHours":28.018211317782686,"endHours":29.666654439471632,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:40","end":"07:19","startHours":29.666654439471632,"endHours":31.315097561160577,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.315097561160576,"endHours":8.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.315097561160577,"endHours":9.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.315097561160577,"endHours":10.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.315097561160577,"endHours":11.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.315097561160577,"endHours":12.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.315097561160577,"endHours":13.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.315097561160577,"endHours":14.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.315097561160577,"endHours":15.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.315097561160577,"endHours":16.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.315097561160577,"endHours":17.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.315097561160577,"endHours":18.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.315097561160577,"endHours":19.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.315097561160577,"endHours":20.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.315097561160577,"endHours":21.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.315097561160577,"endHours":22.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.315097561160577,"endHours":23.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.315097561160577,"endHours":24.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.315097561160577,"endHours":25.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.315097561160577,"endHours":26.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.315097561160577,"endHours":27.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.315097561160577,"endHours":28.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.315097561160577,"endHours":29.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.315097561160577,"endHours":30.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":30.315097561160577,"endHours":31.315097561160577,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Rākṣasa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.290463969628995,"eotMinutes":-1.8871044642874448,"ayanamsa":23.6014}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"bhavnagar"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 28, 1981 CE · Bhavnagar, Gujarat · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 28, 1981 CE for Bhavnagar, Gujarat: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 07:19, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/bhavnagar/1981-12-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T14:25:20.168Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-02T14:25:20.168Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-02T14:25:20.168Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}