{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:2017-09-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-09-28","date_display":"September 28, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458024.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869559.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.2268,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9424,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.7156,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7156},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9424,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9424},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":51.1692},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458024.770833,"ahargana":1869559.2708,"kali_year":5119,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1008,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.014635,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.12973499999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.4863},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":139.99023499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":152.03513499999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":182.94643500000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":135.46103500000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":237.82583499999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":121.7529,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":301.7529,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":9,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458024.770833,"kali_year":5119,"ahargana":1869559.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":160.2268,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9424,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":8,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":90.7156,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.7156},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9424,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9424},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":51.1692},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":15,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.486,"elongation":90.716},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.486,"opposition_distance":89.284}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:01","sunsetLocal":"17:51","solarNoonLocal":"11:56","dayLengthHours":11.829081445219597,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 49 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 10 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:05","moonsetLocal":"21:40","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:25","end":"14:54","startHours":13.415288688855496,"endHours":14.893923869507944,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:01","end":"07:30","startHours":6.022112785593247,"endHours":7.500747966245697,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:59","end":"10:27","startHours":8.979383146898147,"endHours":10.458018327550596,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:47","end":"09:11","startHours":8.78223178947782,"endHours":9.176534504318473,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:50","startHours":6.514991179144063,"endHours":6.830433351016586,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:33","end":"12:20","startHours":11.542350793362392,"endHours":12.3309562230437,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:14","startHours":4.444901926230634,"endHours":5.233507355911941,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:02","end":"06:01","startHours":5.036355998491614,"endHours":6.022112785593247,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:54","end":"14:42","startHours":13.908167082406312,"endHours":14.696772512087618,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:39","end":"18:03","startHours":17.651194230812845,"endHours":18.051194230812843,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:51","end":"18:21","startHours":17.851194230812844,"endHours":18.344072624363662,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:36","end":"19:21","startHours":17.601194230812844,"endHours":19.351194230812844,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:33","end":"00:20","startHours":23.54235079336239,"endHours":24.330956223043696,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:01","end":"07:30","startHours":6.022112785593247,"endHours":7.500747966245697,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:30","end":"08:59","startHours":7.500747966245697,"endHours":8.979383146898147,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:59","end":"10:27","startHours":8.979383146898147,"endHours":10.458018327550596,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:27","end":"11:56","startHours":10.458018327550596,"endHours":11.936653508203046,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:56","end":"13:25","startHours":11.936653508203046,"endHours":13.415288688855496,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:25","end":"14:54","startHours":13.415288688855496,"endHours":14.893923869507944,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:54","end":"16:22","startHours":14.893923869507944,"endHours":16.372559050160394,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:22","end":"17:51","startHours":16.372559050160394,"endHours":17.851194230812844,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:51","end":"19:22","startHours":17.851194230812844,"endHours":19.372559050160394,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:22","end":"20:54","startHours":19.372559050160394,"endHours":20.893923869507944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:54","end":"22:25","startHours":20.893923869507944,"endHours":22.415288688855497,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:25","end":"23:56","startHours":22.415288688855497,"endHours":23.936653508203044,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:56","end":"01:27","startHours":23.936653508203044,"endHours":25.458018327550597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:27","end":"02:59","startHours":25.458018327550597,"endHours":26.979383146898147,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:59","end":"04:30","startHours":26.979383146898147,"endHours":28.500747966245697,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:30","end":"06:01","startHours":28.500747966245697,"endHours":30.022112785593247,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:01","end":"07:01","startHours":6.022112785593247,"endHours":7.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:01","end":"08:01","startHours":7.022112785593247,"endHours":8.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:01","end":"09:01","startHours":8.022112785593247,"endHours":9.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:01","end":"10:01","startHours":9.022112785593247,"endHours":10.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:01","end":"11:01","startHours":10.022112785593247,"endHours":11.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:01","end":"12:01","startHours":11.022112785593247,"endHours":12.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:01","end":"13:01","startHours":12.022112785593247,"endHours":13.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:01","end":"14:01","startHours":13.022112785593247,"endHours":14.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:01","end":"15:01","startHours":14.022112785593247,"endHours":15.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:01","end":"16:01","startHours":15.022112785593247,"endHours":16.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:01","end":"17:01","startHours":16.022112785593247,"endHours":17.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:01","end":"18:01","startHours":17.022112785593247,"endHours":18.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:01","end":"19:01","startHours":18.022112785593247,"endHours":19.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:01","end":"20:01","startHours":19.022112785593247,"endHours":20.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:01","end":"21:01","startHours":20.022112785593247,"endHours":21.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:01","end":"22:01","startHours":21.022112785593247,"endHours":22.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:01","end":"23:01","startHours":22.022112785593247,"endHours":23.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:01","end":"00:01","startHours":23.022112785593247,"endHours":24.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:01","end":"01:01","startHours":24.022112785593247,"endHours":25.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:01","end":"02:01","startHours":25.022112785593247,"endHours":26.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:01","end":"03:01","startHours":26.022112785593247,"endHours":27.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:01","end":"04:01","startHours":27.022112785593247,"endHours":28.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:01","end":"05:01","startHours":28.022112785593247,"endHours":29.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:01","end":"06:01","startHours":29.022112785593247,"endHours":30.022112785593247,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.0322987800793557,"eotMinutes":10.180789507817288,"ayanamsa":24.1008}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"durga-ashtami","name":"Mahā-Aṣṭamī (Durgā-Aṣṭamī)","name_sanskrit":"महाष्टमी","tradition":"Shakta","associated_deity":"Devī Durgā","significance":"8th day of Śāradīya Navrātri; Mahiṣāsura-mardinī kṣaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":8,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":1},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-12-25","event":"Bhīṣma's Mahaprasthan","chart_id":"bhishma","shared_marker":"same Śukla Aṣṭamī","url":"/day/-3137-12-25","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 28, 2017 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 28, 2017 CE for Berlin, Germany: Śukla Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:01, sūryāsta 17:51.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2017-09-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:20:11.776Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:20:11.776Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T08:20:11.776Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}