{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:2015-07-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-07-28","date_display":"July 28, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457231.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868766.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.0687,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1823,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.1136,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1136},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1823,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5156},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457231.770833,"ahargana":1868766.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0705,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.61513400000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.86443399999996,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2892},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":87.96643399999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":105.18773399999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":122.108634,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":126.32633399999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":214.01563399999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":163.7698,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":343.7698,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":7,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457231.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868766.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":100.0687,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":236.1823,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.1136,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.1136},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":236.1823,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5156},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":336.251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.289,"elongation":136.114},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.289,"opposition_distance":43.886}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:19","sunsetLocal":"20:06","solarNoonLocal":"12:13","dayLengthHours":15.795421093698398,"dayLengthDisplay":"15 Hours 47 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"8 Hours 12 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:23","moonsetLocal":"01:04","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:09","end":"18:08","startHours":16.158027818031286,"endHours":18.132455454743585,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:16","end":"10:14","startHours":8.260317271182085,"endHours":10.234744907894386,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:13","end":"14:11","startHours":12.209172544606686,"endHours":14.183600181318985,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:00","end":"08:31","startHours":7.997060252953779,"endHours":8.523574289410393,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"04:58","end":"05:23","startHours":4.969604543328254,"endHours":5.390815772493545,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:44","startHours":11.682658508150073,"endHours":12.735686581063298,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:12","end":"03:16","startHours":2.205405851931034,"endHours":3.2584339248442604,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:00","end":"04:19","startHours":2.9951769066159537,"endHours":4.311461997757487,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:51","end":"15:54","startHours":14.841742726889752,"endHours":15.894770799802979,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:54","end":"20:18","startHours":19.906883091455885,"endHours":20.306883091455884,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:06","end":"20:46","startHours":20.106883091455884,"endHours":20.76502563702665,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:51","end":"21:36","startHours":19.856883091455884,"endHours":21.606883091455884,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:44","startHours":23.682658508150073,"endHours":24.7356865810633,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"04:19","end":"06:17","startHours":4.311461997757487,"endHours":6.285889634469786,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:17","end":"08:16","startHours":6.285889634469786,"endHours":8.260317271182085,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:16","end":"10:14","startHours":8.260317271182085,"endHours":10.234744907894386,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:14","end":"12:13","startHours":10.234744907894386,"endHours":12.209172544606686,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:13","end":"14:11","startHours":12.209172544606686,"endHours":14.183600181318985,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:11","end":"16:09","startHours":14.183600181318985,"endHours":16.158027818031286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:09","end":"18:08","startHours":16.158027818031286,"endHours":18.132455454743585,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"18:08","end":"20:06","startHours":18.132455454743585,"endHours":20.106883091455884,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:06","end":"21:08","startHours":20.106883091455884,"endHours":21.132455454743585,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:08","end":"22:09","startHours":21.132455454743585,"endHours":22.158027818031286,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:09","end":"23:11","startHours":22.158027818031286,"endHours":23.183600181318987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:11","end":"00:13","startHours":23.183600181318987,"endHours":24.209172544606687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:13","end":"01:14","startHours":24.209172544606687,"endHours":25.234744907894388,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:14","end":"02:16","startHours":25.234744907894388,"endHours":26.260317271182085,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:16","end":"03:17","startHours":26.260317271182085,"endHours":27.285889634469786,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:17","end":"04:19","startHours":27.285889634469786,"endHours":28.311461997757487,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":4.311461997757487,"endHours":5.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":5.311461997757487,"endHours":6.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.311461997757487,"endHours":7.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.311461997757487,"endHours":8.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.311461997757487,"endHours":9.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.311461997757487,"endHours":10.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.311461997757487,"endHours":11.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.311461997757487,"endHours":12.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.311461997757487,"endHours":13.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.311461997757487,"endHours":14.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.311461997757487,"endHours":15.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.311461997757487,"endHours":16.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.311461997757487,"endHours":17.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.311461997757487,"endHours":18.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.311461997757487,"endHours":19.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.311461997757487,"endHours":20.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.311461997757487,"endHours":21.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.311461997757487,"endHours":22.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.311461997757487,"endHours":23.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.311461997757487,"endHours":24.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.311461997757487,"endHours":25.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.311461997757487,"endHours":26.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.311461997757487,"endHours":27.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.311461997757487,"endHours":28.311461997757487,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.089828097145574,"eotMinutes":-6.170352676401169,"ayanamsa":24.0705}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 28, 2015 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 28, 2015 CE for Berlin, Germany: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 04:19, sūryāsta 20:06.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2015-07-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:31:03.552Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:31:03.552Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:31:03.553Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}