{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:2013-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456352.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867887.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.6988,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":175.9054,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":219.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":175.9054,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5721},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.6042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456352.770833,"ahargana":1867887.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0369,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.575818,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":176.338118,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.543},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":327.04131800000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":323.291418,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":43.29781800000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":309.49061800000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":197.141618,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.3435,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.3435,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456352.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867887.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.6988,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":175.9054,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":219.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":175.9054,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5721},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.6042},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.543,"elongation":140.793},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.543,"opposition_distance":39.207}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"06:54","sunsetLocal":"17:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:19","dayLengthHours":10.852802891576015,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 51 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 08 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:37","moonsetLocal":"08:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:58","end":"12:19","startHours":10.967118641171577,"endHours":12.323719002618578,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:02","end":"16:24","startHours":15.036919725512583,"endHours":16.393520086959583,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:15","end":"09:37","startHours":8.253917918277573,"endHours":9.610518279724575,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:26","end":"09:47","startHours":9.42963823153164,"endHours":9.79139832791751,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:21","end":"07:38","startHours":7.349517677312905,"endHours":7.6389257544215985,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:41","startHours":11.961958906232713,"endHours":12.685479099004446,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:27","end":"06:10","startHours":5.4502771712871025,"endHours":6.173797364058837,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:00","end":"06:54","startHours":5.9929173158659035,"endHours":6.897317556830571,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"14:51","startHours":14.132519484547915,"endHours":14.85603967731965,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:33","end":"17:57","startHours":17.550120448406588,"endHours":17.950120448406587,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:45","end":"18:12","startHours":17.750120448406587,"endHours":18.202320568888922,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:30","end":"19:15","startHours":17.500120448406587,"endHours":19.250120448406587,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:41","startHours":23.961958906232713,"endHours":24.68547909900445,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:54","end":"08:15","startHours":6.897317556830571,"endHours":8.253917918277573,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:15","end":"09:37","startHours":8.253917918277573,"endHours":9.610518279724575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:37","end":"10:58","startHours":9.610518279724575,"endHours":10.967118641171577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:58","end":"12:19","startHours":10.967118641171577,"endHours":12.323719002618578,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:19","end":"13:41","startHours":12.323719002618578,"endHours":13.680319364065582,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:41","end":"15:02","startHours":13.680319364065582,"endHours":15.036919725512583,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:02","end":"16:24","startHours":15.036919725512583,"endHours":16.393520086959583,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:24","end":"17:45","startHours":16.393520086959583,"endHours":17.750120448406587,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"17:45","end":"19:24","startHours":17.750120448406587,"endHours":19.393520086959587,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:24","end":"21:02","startHours":19.393520086959587,"endHours":21.036919725512583,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:02","end":"22:41","startHours":21.036919725512583,"endHours":22.680319364065582,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:41","end":"00:19","startHours":22.680319364065582,"endHours":24.32371900261858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:19","end":"01:58","startHours":24.32371900261858,"endHours":25.967118641171577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:58","end":"03:37","startHours":25.967118641171577,"endHours":27.610518279724577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:37","end":"05:15","startHours":27.610518279724577,"endHours":29.253917918277573,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:15","end":"06:54","startHours":29.253917918277573,"endHours":30.897317556830572,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:54","end":"07:54","startHours":6.897317556830571,"endHours":7.897317556830571,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:54","end":"08:54","startHours":7.897317556830571,"endHours":8.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:54","end":"09:54","startHours":8.897317556830572,"endHours":9.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:54","end":"10:54","startHours":9.897317556830572,"endHours":10.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:54","end":"11:54","startHours":10.897317556830572,"endHours":11.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:54","end":"12:54","startHours":11.897317556830572,"endHours":12.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:54","end":"13:54","startHours":12.897317556830572,"endHours":13.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:54","end":"14:54","startHours":13.897317556830572,"endHours":14.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:54","end":"15:54","startHours":14.897317556830572,"endHours":15.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:54","end":"16:54","startHours":15.897317556830572,"endHours":16.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:54","end":"17:54","startHours":16.897317556830572,"endHours":17.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:54","end":"18:54","startHours":17.897317556830572,"endHours":18.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:54","end":"19:54","startHours":18.897317556830572,"endHours":19.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:54","end":"20:54","startHours":19.897317556830572,"endHours":20.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:54","end":"21:54","startHours":20.897317556830572,"endHours":21.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:54","end":"22:54","startHours":21.897317556830572,"endHours":22.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:54","end":"23:54","startHours":22.897317556830572,"endHours":23.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:54","end":"00:54","startHours":23.897317556830572,"endHours":24.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:54","end":"01:54","startHours":24.897317556830572,"endHours":25.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:54","end":"02:54","startHours":25.897317556830572,"endHours":26.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:54","end":"03:54","startHours":26.897317556830572,"endHours":27.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:54","end":"04:54","startHours":27.897317556830572,"endHours":28.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:54","end":"05:54","startHours":28.897317556830572,"endHours":29.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:54","end":"06:54","startHours":29.897317556830572,"endHours":30.897317556830572,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.586797785095233,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":24.0369}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2013 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2013 CE for Berlin, Germany: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:54, sūryāsta 17:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/2013-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:04:25.724Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:04:25.724Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T18:04:25.724Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}