{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:1997-08-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-08-20","date_display":"August 20, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450680.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862215.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.6205,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":323.0909,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":200.4705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4705},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":323.0909,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0909},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.7114},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450680.770833,"ahargana":1862215.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8199,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":123.25223,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":325.59383,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6087},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":189.73002999999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":142.36963000000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":291.84493,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":159.10103000000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.20693,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":150.8733,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":330.8733,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":8,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450680.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862215.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":122.6205,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":323.0909,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":200.4705,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.4705},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":323.0909,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.0909},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":85.7114},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":33,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.609,"elongation":159.53},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.609,"opposition_distance":20.47}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":13,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:56","sunsetLocal":"19:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:09","dayLengthHours":14.434131361871003,"dayLengthDisplay":"14 Hours 26 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"9 Hours 33 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:57","moonsetLocal":"07:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:09","end":"13:58","startHours":12.157166848508837,"endHours":13.961433268742713,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:45","end":"08:33","startHours":6.7443675878072105,"endHours":8.548634008041086,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:21","end":"12:09","startHours":10.35290042827496,"endHours":12.157166848508837,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:18","end":"08:47","startHours":8.308065152009902,"endHours":8.78920286407227,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:32","end":"05:56","startHours":5.5415233076512935,"endHours":5.926433477301187,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:38","startHours":11.67602913644647,"endHours":12.638304560571203,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:01","end":"03:59","startHours":3.015550319323868,"endHours":3.9778257434486015,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:44","end":"04:56","startHours":3.737256887417418,"endHours":4.940101167573335,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:34","end":"15:32","startHours":14.56285540882067,"endHours":15.525130832945404,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:10","end":"19:34","startHours":19.17423252944434,"endHours":19.574232529444338,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:22","end":"19:59","startHours":19.37423252944434,"endHours":19.975654669522296,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:07","end":"20:52","startHours":19.12423252944434,"endHours":20.87423252944434,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:38","startHours":23.67602913644647,"endHours":24.638304560571203,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"04:56","end":"06:45","startHours":4.940101167573335,"endHours":6.7443675878072105,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:45","end":"08:33","startHours":6.7443675878072105,"endHours":8.548634008041086,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:33","end":"10:21","startHours":8.548634008041086,"endHours":10.35290042827496,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:21","end":"12:09","startHours":10.35290042827496,"endHours":12.157166848508837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:09","end":"13:58","startHours":12.157166848508837,"endHours":13.961433268742713,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:58","end":"15:46","startHours":13.961433268742713,"endHours":15.765699688976587,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:46","end":"17:34","startHours":15.765699688976587,"endHours":17.569966109210462,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:34","end":"19:22","startHours":17.569966109210462,"endHours":19.37423252944434,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:22","end":"20:34","startHours":19.37423252944434,"endHours":20.569966109210462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:34","end":"21:46","startHours":20.569966109210462,"endHours":21.76569968897659,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:46","end":"22:58","startHours":21.76569968897659,"endHours":22.961433268742713,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:58","end":"00:09","startHours":22.961433268742713,"endHours":24.157166848508837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:09","end":"01:21","startHours":24.157166848508837,"endHours":25.35290042827496,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:21","end":"02:33","startHours":25.35290042827496,"endHours":26.548634008041084,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:33","end":"03:45","startHours":26.548634008041084,"endHours":27.74436758780721,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:45","end":"04:56","startHours":27.74436758780721,"endHours":28.940101167573335,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":4.940101167573335,"endHours":5.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":5.940101167573335,"endHours":6.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.940101167573335,"endHours":7.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.940101167573335,"endHours":8.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.940101167573335,"endHours":9.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.940101167573335,"endHours":10.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.940101167573335,"endHours":11.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.940101167573335,"endHours":12.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.940101167573335,"endHours":13.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.940101167573335,"endHours":14.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.940101167573335,"endHours":15.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.940101167573335,"endHours":16.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.940101167573335,"endHours":17.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.940101167573335,"endHours":18.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.940101167573335,"endHours":19.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.940101167573335,"endHours":20.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.940101167573335,"endHours":21.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.940101167573335,"endHours":22.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.940101167573335,"endHours":23.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.940101167573335,"endHours":24.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.940101167573335,"endHours":25.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.940101167573335,"endHours":26.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.940101167573335,"endHours":27.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.940101167573335,"endHours":28.940101167573335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Vajra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":12.485968901251406,"eotMinutes":-3.0500109105302213,"ayanamsa":23.8199}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 20, 1997 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 20, 1997 CE for Berlin, Germany: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 04:56, sūryāsta 19:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-08-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:50:02.666Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T08:50:02.666Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T08:50:02.666Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}