{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:1997-07-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-07-16","date_display":"July 16, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450645.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862180.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.3129,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":217.1053,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":127.7924,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7924},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":217.1053,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.772},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":306.4182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450645.770833,"ahargana":1862180.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8186,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.74366799999996,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":216.16416800000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0567},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":169.27176800000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":110.10746800000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.175568,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":117.15196800000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":356.272668,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":152.7278,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":332.7278,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":7,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450645.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862180.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":89.3129,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":217.1053,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":127.7924,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.7924},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":217.1053,"elapsed_within_degrees":3.772},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":306.4182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.057,"elongation":127.792},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.057,"opposition_distance":52.208}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:02","sunsetLocal":"20:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":16.323952123331097,"dayLengthDisplay":"16 Hours 19 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"7 Hours 40 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:27","moonsetLocal":"00:48","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:12","end":"14:14","startHours":12.20104567693795,"endHours":14.241539692354337,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:05","end":"08:07","startHours":6.079563630688789,"endHours":8.120057646105176,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:10","end":"12:12","startHours":10.160551661521563,"endHours":12.20104567693795,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"07:51","end":"08:24","startHours":7.847991777382991,"endHours":8.392123514827361,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"04:43","end":"05:09","startHours":4.719234287077864,"endHours":5.15453967703336,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:45","startHours":11.65691393949358,"endHours":12.74517741438232,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"01:52","end":"02:57","startHours":1.8625426654949218,"endHours":2.9508061403836616,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"02:41","end":"04:02","startHours":2.6787402716614768,"endHours":4.0390696152724015,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:55","end":"16:01","startHours":14.9217043641598,"endHours":16.00996783904854,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"20:10","end":"20:34","startHours":20.1630217386035,"endHours":20.5630217386035,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:22","end":"21:03","startHours":20.3630217386035,"endHours":21.043186410408964,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"20:07","end":"21:52","startHours":20.1130217386035,"endHours":21.8630217386035,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:45","startHours":23.65691393949358,"endHours":24.745177414382322,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"04:02","end":"06:05","startHours":4.0390696152724015,"endHours":6.079563630688789,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:05","end":"08:07","startHours":6.079563630688789,"endHours":8.120057646105176,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:07","end":"10:10","startHours":8.120057646105176,"endHours":10.160551661521563,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:10","end":"12:12","startHours":10.160551661521563,"endHours":12.20104567693795,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:12","end":"14:14","startHours":12.20104567693795,"endHours":14.241539692354337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:14","end":"16:17","startHours":14.241539692354337,"endHours":16.282033707770722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:17","end":"18:19","startHours":16.282033707770722,"endHours":18.32252772318711,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"18:19","end":"20:22","startHours":18.32252772318711,"endHours":20.3630217386035,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:22","end":"21:19","startHours":20.3630217386035,"endHours":21.322527723187115,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:19","end":"22:17","startHours":21.322527723187115,"endHours":22.282033707770726,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:17","end":"23:14","startHours":22.282033707770726,"endHours":23.241539692354337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:14","end":"00:12","startHours":23.241539692354337,"endHours":24.20104567693795,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:12","end":"01:10","startHours":24.20104567693795,"endHours":25.160551661521566,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:10","end":"02:07","startHours":25.160551661521566,"endHours":26.120057646105177,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:07","end":"03:05","startHours":26.120057646105177,"endHours":27.07956363068879,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:05","end":"04:02","startHours":27.07956363068879,"endHours":28.039069615272403,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":4.0390696152724015,"endHours":5.0390696152724015,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":5.0390696152724015,"endHours":6.0390696152724015,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.0390696152724015,"endHours":7.0390696152724015,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.0390696152724015,"endHours":8.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.039069615272401,"endHours":9.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.039069615272401,"endHours":10.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.039069615272401,"endHours":11.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.039069615272401,"endHours":12.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.039069615272401,"endHours":13.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.039069615272401,"endHours":14.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.039069615272401,"endHours":15.039069615272401,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.039069615272401,"endHours":16.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.039069615272403,"endHours":17.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.039069615272403,"endHours":18.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.039069615272403,"endHours":19.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.039069615272403,"endHours":20.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.039069615272403,"endHours":21.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.039069615272403,"endHours":22.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.039069615272403,"endHours":23.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.039069615272403,"endHours":24.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.039069615272403,"endHours":25.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.039069615272403,"endHours":26.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.039069615272403,"endHours":27.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.039069615272403,"endHours":28.039069615272403,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":21.38124439686866,"eotMinutes":-5.682740616276977,"ayanamsa":23.8186}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_amanta":"Āṣāḍha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mithuna (Āni)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Āṣāḍha Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"devshayani-ekadashi","name":"Devśayanī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"देवशयनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu enters yoga-nidrā; Cāturmāsya begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āṣāḍha"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 16, 1997 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 16, 1997 CE for Berlin, Germany: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 04:02, sūryāsta 20:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1997-07-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:49:10.406Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T15:49:10.406Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T15:49:10.406Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}