{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:berlin:1981-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444816.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856351.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.6764,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.883,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":0.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.883,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5496},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.5593},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444816.770833,"ahargana":1856351.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5957,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.16337799999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":102.594378,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.1809},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":75.14977799999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":93.199678,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":162.64767800000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":134.46337799999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":161.59547799999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":101.5763,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":281.5763,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444816.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856351.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.6764,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.883,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":0.2066,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2066},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.883,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5496},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":207.5593},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.181,"elongation":0.207},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.181,"opposition_distance":179.793}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-14,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.092,"opposition_distance":2.128},{"offset_days":0,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.181,"elongation":0.207}]},"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"berlin","name":"Berlin, Germany","lat":52.52,"lon":13.405,"tz_offset_hours":1,"country":"DE","tier":"diaspora"},"sunriseLocal":"04:24","sunsetLocal":"20:01","solarNoonLocal":"12:12","dayLengthHours":15.627285262328574,"dayLengthDisplay":"15 Hours 37 Mins 38 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"8 Hours 22 Mins 22 Secs","moonriseLocal":"04:17","moonsetLocal":"19:56","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:15","end":"12:12","startHours":10.25411225074811,"endHours":12.20752290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"16:07","end":"18:04","startHours":16.114344224121325,"endHours":18.067754881912396,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:21","end":"08:18","startHours":6.347290935165965,"endHours":8.300701592957036,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:02","end":"08:34","startHours":8.040246838584894,"endHours":8.561156347329181,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:03","end":"05:28","startHours":5.045017163305252,"endHours":5.4617447703006805,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:41","end":"12:44","startHours":11.686613399794895,"endHours":12.728432417283466,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"02:19","end":"03:21","startHours":2.310242242397751,"endHours":3.352061259886322,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"03:05","end":"04:24","startHours":3.0916065055141795,"endHours":4.393880277374894,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:51","startHours":14.81207045226061,"endHours":15.85388946974918,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"19:49","end":"20:13","startHours":19.82116553970347,"endHours":20.221165539703467,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"20:01","end":"20:40","startHours":20.021165539703468,"endHours":20.672302425633823,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"19:46","end":"21:31","startHours":19.771165539703468,"endHours":21.521165539703468,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:41","end":"00:44","startHours":23.686613399794897,"endHours":24.728432417283468,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"04:24","end":"06:21","startHours":4.393880277374894,"endHours":6.347290935165965,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"06:21","end":"08:18","startHours":6.347290935165965,"endHours":8.300701592957036,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:18","end":"10:15","startHours":8.300701592957036,"endHours":10.25411225074811,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:15","end":"12:12","startHours":10.25411225074811,"endHours":12.20752290853918,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:12","end":"14:10","startHours":12.20752290853918,"endHours":14.160933566330252,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:10","end":"16:07","startHours":14.160933566330252,"endHours":16.114344224121325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:07","end":"18:04","startHours":16.114344224121325,"endHours":18.067754881912396,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"18:04","end":"20:01","startHours":18.067754881912396,"endHours":20.021165539703468,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"20:01","end":"21:04","startHours":20.021165539703468,"endHours":21.067754881912396,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:04","end":"22:07","startHours":21.067754881912396,"endHours":22.114344224121325,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:07","end":"23:10","startHours":22.114344224121325,"endHours":23.160933566330254,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:10","end":"00:12","startHours":23.160933566330254,"endHours":24.207522908539183,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:12","end":"01:15","startHours":24.207522908539183,"endHours":25.254112250748108,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:15","end":"02:18","startHours":25.254112250748108,"endHours":26.300701592957036,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:18","end":"03:21","startHours":26.300701592957036,"endHours":27.347290935165965,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:21","end":"04:24","startHours":27.347290935165965,"endHours":28.393880277374894,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":4.393880277374894,"endHours":5.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":5.393880277374894,"endHours":6.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":6.393880277374894,"endHours":7.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.393880277374894,"endHours":8.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.393880277374894,"endHours":9.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.393880277374894,"endHours":10.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.393880277374894,"endHours":11.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.393880277374894,"endHours":12.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.393880277374894,"endHours":13.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.393880277374894,"endHours":14.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.393880277374894,"endHours":15.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.393880277374894,"endHours":16.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.393880277374894,"endHours":17.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.393880277374894,"endHours":18.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.393880277374894,"endHours":19.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.393880277374894,"endHours":20.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.393880277374894,"endHours":21.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.393880277374894,"endHours":22.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.393880277374894,"endHours":23.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.393880277374894,"endHours":24.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.393880277374894,"endHours":25.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.393880277374894,"endHours":26.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.393880277374894,"endHours":27.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.393880277374894,"endHours":28.393880277374894,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.32727153307736,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.5957}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"berlin"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1981 CE · Berlin, Germany · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1981 CE for Berlin, Germany: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 04:24, sūryāsta 20:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/berlin/1981-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T08:48:25.290Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T08:48:25.290Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T08:48:25.290Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}