{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:beijing:2012-01-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-01-28","date_display":"January 28, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4379,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.8033,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.3654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3654},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.8033,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.47},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":264.2413},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0217,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.48192500000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":339.314225,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2448},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.75782500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":276.33702500000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":8.008224999999982,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":322.47682499999996,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":185.12832500000002,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":231.4314,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":51.4314,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":1,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455954.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867489.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":283.4379,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.8033,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":57.3654,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.3654},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":340.8033,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.47},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":264.2413},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.245,"elongation":57.365},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.245,"opposition_distance":122.635}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"sunriseLocal":"07:27","sunsetLocal":"17:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":10.005486991938632,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 00 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 59 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:03","moonsetLocal":"22:18","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:57","end":"11:12","startHours":9.955058785929774,"endHours":11.205744659922104,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:42","end":"14:57","startHours":13.70711640790676,"endHours":14.95780228189909,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:27","end":"08:42","startHours":7.453687037945116,"endHours":8.704372911937444,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:47","end":"10:07","startHours":9.788300669397463,"endHours":10.121816902462085,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:52","end":"08:08","startHours":7.8705823292758925,"endHours":8.13739531572759,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:47","startHours":12.12291430084981,"endHours":12.789946766979053,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:07","end":"06:47","startHours":6.119622105686632,"endHours":6.786654571815873,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:37","end":"07:27","startHours":6.6198964552835635,"endHours":7.453687037945116,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:07","end":"14:47","startHours":14.124011699237538,"endHours":14.791044165366781,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:16","end":"17:40","startHours":17.25917402988375,"endHours":17.659174029883747,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:28","end":"17:53","startHours":17.459174029883748,"endHours":17.876069321214523,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:58","startHours":17.209174029883748,"endHours":18.959174029883748,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:47","startHours":24.12291430084981,"endHours":24.789946766979053,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:27","end":"08:42","startHours":7.453687037945116,"endHours":8.704372911937444,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:42","end":"09:57","startHours":8.704372911937444,"endHours":9.955058785929774,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:57","end":"11:12","startHours":9.955058785929774,"endHours":11.205744659922104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:12","end":"12:27","startHours":11.205744659922104,"endHours":12.456430533914432,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:27","end":"13:42","startHours":12.456430533914432,"endHours":13.70711640790676,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:42","end":"14:57","startHours":13.70711640790676,"endHours":14.95780228189909,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:57","end":"16:13","startHours":14.95780228189909,"endHours":16.20848815589142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:13","end":"17:28","startHours":16.20848815589142,"endHours":17.459174029883748,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:28","end":"19:13","startHours":17.459174029883748,"endHours":19.20848815589142,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:13","end":"20:57","startHours":19.20848815589142,"endHours":20.95780228189909,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:57","end":"22:42","startHours":20.95780228189909,"endHours":22.70711640790676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:42","end":"00:27","startHours":22.70711640790676,"endHours":24.456430533914432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:27","end":"02:12","startHours":24.456430533914432,"endHours":26.205744659922104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:12","end":"03:57","startHours":26.205744659922104,"endHours":27.955058785929772,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:57","end":"05:42","startHours":27.955058785929772,"endHours":29.704372911937444,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:42","end":"07:27","startHours":29.704372911937444,"endHours":31.453687037945116,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:27","end":"08:27","startHours":7.453687037945116,"endHours":8.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:27","end":"09:27","startHours":8.453687037945116,"endHours":9.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:27","end":"10:27","startHours":9.453687037945116,"endHours":10.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:27","end":"11:27","startHours":10.453687037945116,"endHours":11.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:27","end":"12:27","startHours":11.453687037945116,"endHours":12.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:27","end":"13:27","startHours":12.453687037945116,"endHours":13.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:27","end":"14:27","startHours":13.453687037945116,"endHours":14.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:27","end":"15:27","startHours":14.453687037945116,"endHours":15.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:27","end":"16:27","startHours":15.453687037945116,"endHours":16.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:27","end":"17:27","startHours":16.453687037945116,"endHours":17.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:27","end":"18:27","startHours":17.453687037945116,"endHours":18.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:27","end":"19:27","startHours":18.453687037945116,"endHours":19.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:27","end":"20:27","startHours":19.453687037945116,"endHours":20.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:27","end":"21:27","startHours":20.453687037945116,"endHours":21.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:27","end":"22:27","startHours":21.453687037945116,"endHours":22.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:27","end":"23:27","startHours":22.453687037945116,"endHours":23.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:27","end":"00:27","startHours":23.453687037945116,"endHours":24.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:27","end":"01:27","startHours":24.453687037945116,"endHours":25.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:27","end":"02:27","startHours":25.453687037945116,"endHours":26.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:27","end":"03:27","startHours":26.453687037945116,"endHours":27.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:27","end":"04:27","startHours":27.453687037945116,"endHours":28.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:27","end":"05:27","startHours":28.453687037945116,"endHours":29.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:27","end":"06:27","startHours":29.453687037945116,"endHours":30.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:27","end":"07:27","startHours":30.453687037945116,"endHours":31.453687037945116,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.392634681377228,"eotMinutes":-12.974632034865841,"ayanamsa":24.0217}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"sarasvati-jayanti","name":"Sarasvatī Jayantī (Vasanta Pañchamī)","name_sanskrit":"सरस्वती जयन्ती / वसन्त पञ्चमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sarasvatī (Vāk-tattva)","significance":"Manifestation of Devī Sarasvatī; vidyā-ārambha day; vasanta-ṛtu begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Māgha"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Skanda Purāṇa","Devī Bhāgavata"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"beijing"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 28, 2012 CE · Beijing, Beijing · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 28, 2012 CE for Beijing, Beijing: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:27, sūryāsta 17:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2012-01-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T05:54:06.880Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T05:54:06.880Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T05:54:06.880Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}