{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:beijing:2002-02-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-02-28","date_display":"February 28, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5371,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.6041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.067,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.067},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.6041,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2708},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":99.1412},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8832,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.391974,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":144.82687399999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4357},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":5.004074000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.579074,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":71.65077400000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":326.09697400000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.427974000000006,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":63.2894,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":243.2894,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":2,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452333.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863868.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":315.5371,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":143.6041,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":188.067,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.067},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":143.6041,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.2708},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":99.1412},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.436,"elongation":171.933},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.436,"opposition_distance":8.067}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"sunriseLocal":"06:51","sunsetLocal":"18:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":11.23664417352742,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:47","moonsetLocal":"07:23","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:52","end":"15:16","startHours":13.86515150212472,"endHours":15.269732023815646,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:51","end":"08:15","startHours":6.842248893670082,"endHours":8.24682941536101,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:39","end":"11:03","startHours":9.651409937051938,"endHours":11.055990458742864,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:28","end":"09:50","startHours":9.464132534159813,"endHours":9.83868733994406,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:19","end":"07:37","startHours":7.31044240090039,"endHours":7.610086245527788,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:50","startHours":12.086016174649544,"endHours":12.83512578621804,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:21","end":"06:06","startHours":5.344029670533092,"endHours":6.093139282101587,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:54","end":"06:51","startHours":5.905861879209463,"endHours":6.842248893670082,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:20","end":"15:05","startHours":14.333345009355028,"endHours":15.082454620923523,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:53","end":"18:17","startHours":17.878893067197502,"endHours":18.2788930671975,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:05","end":"18:33","startHours":18.0788930671975,"endHours":18.547086574427812,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.8288930671975,"endHours":19.5788930671975,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:50","startHours":24.086016174649547,"endHours":24.83512578621804,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:51","end":"08:15","startHours":6.842248893670082,"endHours":8.24682941536101,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:15","end":"09:39","startHours":8.24682941536101,"endHours":9.651409937051938,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:39","end":"11:03","startHours":9.651409937051938,"endHours":11.055990458742864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:03","end":"12:28","startHours":11.055990458742864,"endHours":12.460570980433792,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:28","end":"13:52","startHours":12.460570980433792,"endHours":13.86515150212472,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:52","end":"15:16","startHours":13.86515150212472,"endHours":15.269732023815646,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:16","end":"16:40","startHours":15.269732023815646,"endHours":16.674312545506574,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:40","end":"18:05","startHours":16.674312545506574,"endHours":18.0788930671975,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:05","end":"19:40","startHours":18.0788930671975,"endHours":19.674312545506574,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:40","end":"21:16","startHours":19.674312545506574,"endHours":21.269732023815646,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:16","end":"22:52","startHours":21.269732023815646,"endHours":22.865151502124718,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:52","end":"00:28","startHours":22.865151502124718,"endHours":24.460570980433793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:28","end":"02:03","startHours":24.460570980433793,"endHours":26.055990458742862,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:03","end":"03:39","startHours":26.055990458742862,"endHours":27.651409937051938,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:39","end":"05:15","startHours":27.651409937051938,"endHours":29.24682941536101,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:15","end":"06:51","startHours":29.24682941536101,"endHours":30.84224889367008,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:51","end":"07:51","startHours":6.842248893670082,"endHours":7.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:51","end":"08:51","startHours":7.842248893670082,"endHours":8.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:51","end":"09:51","startHours":8.842248893670082,"endHours":9.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:51","end":"10:51","startHours":9.842248893670082,"endHours":10.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:51","end":"11:51","startHours":10.842248893670082,"endHours":11.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:51","end":"12:51","startHours":11.842248893670082,"endHours":12.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:51","end":"13:51","startHours":12.842248893670082,"endHours":13.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:51","end":"14:51","startHours":13.842248893670082,"endHours":14.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:51","end":"15:51","startHours":14.842248893670082,"endHours":15.842248893670082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:51","end":"16:51","startHours":15.842248893670082,"endHours":16.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:51","end":"17:51","startHours":16.84224889367008,"endHours":17.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:51","end":"18:51","startHours":17.84224889367008,"endHours":18.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:51","end":"19:51","startHours":18.84224889367008,"endHours":19.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:51","end":"20:51","startHours":19.84224889367008,"endHours":20.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:51","end":"21:51","startHours":20.84224889367008,"endHours":21.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:51","end":"22:51","startHours":21.84224889367008,"endHours":22.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:51","end":"23:51","startHours":22.84224889367008,"endHours":23.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:51","end":"00:51","startHours":23.84224889367008,"endHours":24.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:51","end":"01:51","startHours":24.84224889367008,"endHours":25.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:51","end":"02:51","startHours":25.84224889367008,"endHours":26.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:51","end":"03:51","startHours":26.84224889367008,"endHours":27.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:51","end":"04:51","startHours":27.84224889367008,"endHours":28.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:51","end":"05:51","startHours":28.84224889367008,"endHours":29.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:51","end":"06:51","startHours":29.84224889367008,"endHours":30.84224889367008,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-8.09122564778837,"eotMinutes":-13.223058826027486,"ayanamsa":23.8832}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"beijing"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 28, 2002 CE · Beijing, Beijing · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 28, 2002 CE for Beijing, Beijing: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:51, sūryāsta 18:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-02-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:58:13.667Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:58:13.667Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:58:13.667Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}