{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:beijing:2002-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452305.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863840.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.1075,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7744,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":206.6669,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6669},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":133.7744,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4411},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":60.8819},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452305.770833,"ahargana":1863840.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8821,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.102443,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":136.46774300000004,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.2006},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":344.912843,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":279.731943,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.06184300000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":291.047243,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.106243000000006,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":64.773,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":244.773,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452305.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863840.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.1075,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7744,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":18,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":206.6669,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6669},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":133.7744,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4411},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":60.8819},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":34,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.201,"elongation":153.333},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.201,"opposition_distance":26.667}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"beijing","name":"Beijing, Beijing","lat":39.9075,"lon":116.3972,"tz_offset_hours":8,"state":"Beijing","country":"CN","tier":"mega"},"sunriseLocal":"07:24","sunsetLocal":"17:32","solarNoonLocal":"12:28","dayLengthHours":10.121808053597771,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 07 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 52 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"19:56","moonsetLocal":"08:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"13:44","end":"15:00","startHours":13.730905815730424,"endHours":14.996131822430144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:24","end":"08:40","startHours":7.404775782231815,"endHours":8.670001788931536,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:56","end":"11:12","startHours":9.935227795631258,"endHours":11.20045380233098,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:46","end":"10:06","startHours":9.766530994737963,"endHours":10.103924596524553,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:50","end":"08:06","startHours":7.8265177844650555,"endHours":8.09643266589433,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:48","startHours":12.128286207244109,"endHours":12.803073410817294,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"06:03","end":"06:44","startHours":6.055201375085446,"endHours":6.729988578658631,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:34","end":"07:24","startHours":6.561291777765335,"endHours":7.404775782231815,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:09","end":"14:50","startHours":14.152647817963663,"endHours":14.827435021536848,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:20","end":"17:44","startHours":17.326583835829588,"endHours":17.726583835829587,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:32","end":"17:57","startHours":17.526583835829587,"endHours":17.94832583806283,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:17","end":"19:02","startHours":17.276583835829587,"endHours":19.026583835829587,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:48","startHours":24.128286207244113,"endHours":24.803073410817294,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:24","end":"08:40","startHours":7.404775782231815,"endHours":8.670001788931536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:40","end":"09:56","startHours":8.670001788931536,"endHours":9.935227795631258,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:56","end":"11:12","startHours":9.935227795631258,"endHours":11.20045380233098,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:12","end":"12:28","startHours":11.20045380233098,"endHours":12.4656798090307,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:28","end":"13:44","startHours":12.4656798090307,"endHours":13.730905815730424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"13:44","end":"15:00","startHours":13.730905815730424,"endHours":14.996131822430144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:00","end":"16:16","startHours":14.996131822430144,"endHours":16.261357829129864,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:16","end":"17:32","startHours":16.261357829129864,"endHours":17.526583835829587,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:32","end":"19:16","startHours":17.526583835829587,"endHours":19.261357829129867,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:16","end":"21:00","startHours":19.261357829129867,"endHours":20.996131822430144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:00","end":"22:44","startHours":20.996131822430144,"endHours":22.730905815730424,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"22:44","end":"00:28","startHours":22.730905815730424,"endHours":24.465679809030703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:28","end":"02:12","startHours":24.465679809030703,"endHours":26.20045380233098,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:12","end":"03:56","startHours":26.20045380233098,"endHours":27.93522779563126,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:56","end":"05:40","startHours":27.93522779563126,"endHours":29.670001788931536,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:40","end":"07:24","startHours":29.670001788931536,"endHours":31.404775782231816,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:24","end":"08:24","startHours":7.404775782231815,"endHours":8.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:24","end":"09:24","startHours":8.404775782231816,"endHours":9.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:24","end":"10:24","startHours":9.404775782231816,"endHours":10.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:24","end":"11:24","startHours":10.404775782231816,"endHours":11.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:24","end":"12:24","startHours":11.404775782231816,"endHours":12.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:24","end":"13:24","startHours":12.404775782231816,"endHours":13.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:24","end":"14:24","startHours":13.404775782231816,"endHours":14.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:24","end":"15:24","startHours":14.404775782231816,"endHours":15.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:24","end":"16:24","startHours":15.404775782231816,"endHours":16.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:24","end":"17:24","startHours":16.404775782231816,"endHours":17.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:24","end":"18:24","startHours":17.404775782231816,"endHours":18.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:24","end":"19:24","startHours":18.404775782231816,"endHours":19.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:24","end":"20:24","startHours":19.404775782231816,"endHours":20.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:24","end":"21:24","startHours":20.404775782231816,"endHours":21.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:24","end":"22:24","startHours":21.404775782231816,"endHours":22.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:24","end":"23:24","startHours":22.404775782231816,"endHours":23.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:24","end":"00:24","startHours":23.404775782231816,"endHours":24.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:24","end":"01:24","startHours":24.404775782231816,"endHours":25.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:24","end":"02:24","startHours":25.404775782231816,"endHours":26.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:24","end":"03:24","startHours":26.404775782231816,"endHours":27.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:24","end":"04:24","startHours":27.404775782231816,"endHours":28.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:24","end":"05:24","startHours":28.404775782231816,"endHours":29.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:24","end":"06:24","startHours":29.404775782231816,"endHours":30.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:24","end":"07:24","startHours":30.404775782231816,"endHours":31.404775782231816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.472191760408723,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":23.8821}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"beijing"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2002 CE · Beijing, Beijing · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2002 CE for Beijing, Beijing: Kṛṣṇa Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 07:24, sūryāsta 17:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/beijing/2002-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T21:36:29.734Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-24T21:36:29.734Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-24T21:36:29.734Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}