{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:badrinath:1908-09-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1908-09-25","date_display":"September 25, 1908 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418209.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829744.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":158.4668,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":151.9477,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.4809,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4809},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":151.9477,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2811},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.4145},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418209.770833,"ahargana":1829744.2708,"kali_year":5010,"ayanamsa_lahiri":22.5781,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":158.98866099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.54266099999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4395},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":149.005361,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":183.998961,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":131.21016099999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":114.51406099999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":345.818161,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":71.3432,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":251.3432,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1908,"month":9,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2418209.770833,"kali_year":5010,"ahargana":1829744.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":158.4668,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":151.9477,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.4809,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4809},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":151.9477,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.2811},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":310.4145},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.44,"elongation":6.519},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.44,"opposition_distance":173.481}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"badrinath","name":"Badarīnāth","lat":30.7433,"lon":79.4938,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha","elevation_m":3133},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"badrinath","name":"Badarīnāth","lat":30.7433,"lon":79.4938,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha","elevation_m":3133},"sunriseLocal":"06:00","sunsetLocal":"18:05","solarNoonLocal":"12:03","dayLengthHours":12.07981692293226,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 47 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 13 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:30","moonsetLocal":"17:44","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:32","end":"12:03","startHours":10.537994108161099,"endHours":12.047971223527632,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:04","end":"16:35","startHours":15.067925454260696,"endHours":16.57790256962723,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:31","end":"09:02","startHours":7.518039877428034,"endHours":9.028016992794566,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:50","end":"09:14","startHours":8.826686710745696,"endHours":9.229347274843438,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:31","end":"06:50","startHours":6.5113884671836795,"endHours":6.833516918461873,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:39","end":"12:27","startHours":11.64531065942989,"endHours":12.450631787625374,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:24","end":"05:12","startHours":4.397420505670533,"endHours":5.202741633866018,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":5.001411351817147,"endHours":6.008062762061502,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:04","end":"14:52","startHours":14.06127404401634,"endHours":14.866595172211824,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:53","end":"18:17","startHours":17.887879684993763,"endHours":18.28787968499376,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:05","end":"18:35","startHours":18.087879684993762,"endHours":18.591205390115938,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:50","end":"19:35","startHours":17.837879684993762,"endHours":19.587879684993762,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:39","end":"00:27","startHours":23.64531065942989,"endHours":24.450631787625376,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:00","end":"07:31","startHours":6.008062762061502,"endHours":7.518039877428034,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:31","end":"09:02","startHours":7.518039877428034,"endHours":9.028016992794566,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:02","end":"10:32","startHours":9.028016992794566,"endHours":10.537994108161099,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:32","end":"12:03","startHours":10.537994108161099,"endHours":12.047971223527632,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:03","end":"13:33","startHours":12.047971223527632,"endHours":13.557948338894164,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:33","end":"15:04","startHours":13.557948338894164,"endHours":15.067925454260696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:04","end":"16:35","startHours":15.067925454260696,"endHours":16.57790256962723,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:35","end":"18:05","startHours":16.57790256962723,"endHours":18.087879684993762,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:05","end":"19:35","startHours":18.087879684993762,"endHours":19.57790256962723,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:35","end":"21:04","startHours":19.57790256962723,"endHours":21.067925454260696,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:04","end":"22:33","startHours":21.067925454260696,"endHours":22.557948338894164,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:33","end":"00:03","startHours":22.557948338894164,"endHours":24.047971223527632,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:03","end":"01:32","startHours":24.047971223527632,"endHours":25.5379941081611,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:32","end":"03:02","startHours":25.5379941081611,"endHours":27.02801699279457,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:02","end":"04:31","startHours":27.02801699279457,"endHours":28.518039877428034,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:31","end":"06:00","startHours":28.518039877428034,"endHours":30.008062762061503,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":6.008062762061502,"endHours":7.008062762061502,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":7.008062762061502,"endHours":8.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":8.008062762061503,"endHours":9.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":9.008062762061503,"endHours":10.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":10.008062762061503,"endHours":11.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":11.008062762061503,"endHours":12.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":12.008062762061503,"endHours":13.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":13.008062762061503,"endHours":14.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":14.008062762061503,"endHours":15.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":15.008062762061503,"endHours":16.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":16.008062762061503,"endHours":17.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":17.008062762061503,"endHours":18.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":18.008062762061503,"endHours":19.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":19.008062762061503,"endHours":20.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":20.008062762061503,"endHours":21.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":21.008062762061503,"endHours":22.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":22.008062762061503,"endHours":23.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":23.008062762061503,"endHours":24.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":24.008062762061503,"endHours":25.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":25.008062762061503,"endHours":26.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":26.008062762061503,"endHours":27.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":27.008062762061503,"endHours":28.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":28.008062762061503,"endHours":29.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":29.008062762061503,"endHours":30.008062762061503,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Prajāpati","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.623086331864215,"eotMinutes":9.146526588342006,"ayanamsa":22.5781}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":1965,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1830,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1315,"malayalam_era":1084,"nanakshahi_year":439,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 1965 Durmati · Śaka 1830 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"mahalaya-amavasya","name":"Mahālaya Amāvasyā (Sarvapitṛ Amāvasyā)","name_sanskrit":"महालय अमावस्या","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Pitṛ-deva","significance":"Final day of Pitṛ-Pakṣa; tarpaṇa for all ancestors.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":30,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":1}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Mahālaya Amāvasyā (Sarvapitṛ Amāvasyā) is not live yet; Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"badrinath"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 25, 1908 CE · Badarīnāth · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 25, 1908 CE for Badarīnāth: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:00, sūryāsta 18:05.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/1908-09-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-07T13:11:06.370Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-07T13:11:06.370Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-07T13:11:06.370Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}