{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:badrinath:-3130-11-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"-3130-11-21","date_display":"November 21, 3131 BCE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":11,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578149.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10315.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.4615,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.7731,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.3116,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3116},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":152.7731,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1064},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":66.2346},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":-3130,"month":11,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578149.770833,"ahargana":-10315.7292,"kali_year":-28,"ayanamsa_lahiri":-47.7974,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.4615,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.7731,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5018},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":328.0655,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":267.8859,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":226.0879,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":318.3261,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":1.8959,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":6.577,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":186.577,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":-3130,"month":11,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"julian"},"julian_day":578149.770833,"kali_year":-28,"ahargana":-10315.7292,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":273.4615,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.7731,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":239.3116,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.3116},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2,"moon_longitude":152.7731,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.1064},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":66.2346},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.502,"elongation":120.688},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.502,"opposition_distance":59.312}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"badrinath","name":"Badarīnāth","lat":30.7433,"lon":79.4938,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha","elevation_m":3133},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"badrinath","name":"Badarīnāth","lat":30.7433,"lon":79.4938,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttarakhand","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha","elevation_m":3133},"sunriseLocal":"06:35","sunsetLocal":"17:22","solarNoonLocal":"11:59","dayLengthHours":10.781305087113267,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 46 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 13 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:55","moonsetLocal":"10:56","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:01","end":"17:22","startHours":16.019575488472384,"endHours":17.36723862436154,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:59","end":"13:19","startHours":11.976586080804907,"endHours":13.324249216694067,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:40","end":"16:01","startHours":14.671912352583224,"endHours":16.019575488472384,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:06","end":"09:28","startHours":9.101571390908036,"endHours":9.460948227145145,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:02","end":"07:19","startHours":7.03515458254466,"endHours":7.322656051534347,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:37","end":"12:20","startHours":11.617209244567798,"endHours":12.335962917042016,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:09","end":"05:52","startHours":5.148426192299839,"endHours":5.867179864774056,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:35","startHours":5.6874914466555015,"endHours":6.585933537248274,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:46","end":"14:30","startHours":13.773470261990454,"endHours":14.492223934464672,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:10","end":"17:34","startHours":17.16723862436154,"endHours":17.56723862436154,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:22","end":"17:49","startHours":17.36723862436154,"endHours":17.816459669657927,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:07","end":"18:52","startHours":17.11723862436154,"endHours":18.86723862436154,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:37","end":"00:20","startHours":23.6172092445678,"endHours":24.335962917042014,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:35","end":"07:56","startHours":6.585933537248274,"endHours":7.9335966731374326,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:56","end":"09:17","startHours":7.9335966731374326,"endHours":9.28125980902659,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:17","end":"10:38","startHours":9.28125980902659,"endHours":10.62892294491575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:38","end":"11:59","startHours":10.62892294491575,"endHours":11.976586080804907,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:59","end":"13:19","startHours":11.976586080804907,"endHours":13.324249216694067,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:19","end":"14:40","startHours":13.324249216694067,"endHours":14.671912352583224,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:40","end":"16:01","startHours":14.671912352583224,"endHours":16.019575488472384,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:01","end":"17:22","startHours":16.019575488472384,"endHours":17.36723862436154,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:22","end":"19:01","startHours":17.36723862436154,"endHours":19.019575488472384,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:01","end":"20:40","startHours":19.019575488472384,"endHours":20.671912352583224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:40","end":"22:19","startHours":20.671912352583224,"endHours":22.324249216694064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:19","end":"23:59","startHours":22.324249216694064,"endHours":23.976586080804907,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:59","end":"01:38","startHours":23.976586080804907,"endHours":25.62892294491575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:38","end":"03:17","startHours":25.62892294491575,"endHours":27.28125980902659,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:17","end":"04:56","startHours":27.28125980902659,"endHours":28.93359667313743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:56","end":"06:35","startHours":28.93359667313743,"endHours":30.585933537248273,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:35","end":"07:35","startHours":6.585933537248274,"endHours":7.585933537248274,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:35","end":"08:35","startHours":7.585933537248274,"endHours":8.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:35","end":"09:35","startHours":8.585933537248273,"endHours":9.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:35","end":"10:35","startHours":9.585933537248273,"endHours":10.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:35","end":"11:35","startHours":10.585933537248273,"endHours":11.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:35","end":"12:35","startHours":11.585933537248273,"endHours":12.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:35","end":"13:35","startHours":12.585933537248273,"endHours":13.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:35","end":"14:35","startHours":13.585933537248273,"endHours":14.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:35","end":"15:35","startHours":14.585933537248273,"endHours":15.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:35","end":"16:35","startHours":15.585933537248273,"endHours":16.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:35","end":"17:35","startHours":16.585933537248273,"endHours":17.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:35","end":"18:35","startHours":17.585933537248273,"endHours":18.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:35","end":"19:35","startHours":18.585933537248273,"endHours":19.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:35","end":"20:35","startHours":19.585933537248273,"endHours":20.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:35","end":"21:35","startHours":20.585933537248273,"endHours":21.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:35","end":"22:35","startHours":21.585933537248273,"endHours":22.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:35","end":"23:35","startHours":22.585933537248273,"endHours":23.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:35","end":"00:35","startHours":23.585933537248273,"endHours":24.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:35","end":"01:35","startHours":24.585933537248273,"endHours":25.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:35","end":"02:35","startHours":25.585933537248273,"endHours":26.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:35","end":"03:35","startHours":26.585933537248273,"endHours":27.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:35","end":"04:35","startHours":27.585933537248273,"endHours":28.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:35","end":"05:35","startHours":28.585933537248273,"endHours":29.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:35","end":"06:35","startHours":29.585933537248273,"endHours":30.585933537248273,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-16.52777570333735,"eotMinutes":13.429635151705593,"ayanamsa":-47.7974}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":-3073,"saka_samvat":-3208,"bengali_samvat":-3723,"malayalam_era":-3954,"nanakshahi_year":-4599,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram -3073 undefined · Śaka -3208 undefined"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":true,"location_specific":"badrinath"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga November 21, 3131 BCE · Badarīnāth · Vidhyamitra","description":"November 21, 3131 BCE for Badarīnāth: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:35, sūryāsta 17:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/badrinath/-3130-11-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:08:01.202Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-08-10T14:08:01.202Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-08-10T14:08:01.202Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Goloka/Vraja Rādhā-Krishna","Vaikuṇṭha Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa","Mahāviṣṇu/Kāraṇodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu","Brahmā","Kṣīrodaka Paramātmā/Antaryāmī (Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu)","Bhūmi","reader's own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi","exact reading kṣetra","reader-bhakta","chitta/vāṇī/aṅgulī","keyboard-silicon-pathways","Vidhyāmitra substrate","reader/seer","Krishna"],"antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}