{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2348-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2348-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2348 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2348,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2578678.770833,"kali_year":5449,"ahargana":1990213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":280.4251,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.2747,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":356.8496,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8496},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.2747,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6081},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":197.6998},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2348,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2578678.770833,"ahargana":1990213.2708,"kali_year":5449,"ayanamsa_lahiri":28.7154,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.276566,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":276.1747660000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.182},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":324.99746600000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":276.76636600000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":139.41386599999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":313.88866600000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":307.309566,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":208.9233,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":28.9233,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2348,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2578678.770833,"kali_year":5449,"ahargana":1990213.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":280.4251,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.2747,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":356.8496,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.8496},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.2747,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6081},"yoga":{"number":15,"name":"Vajra","sum_longitude":197.6998},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.182,"elongation":3.15},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.182,"opposition_distance":176.85}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"06:48","sunsetLocal":"17:41","solarNoonLocal":"12:15","dayLengthHours":10.89221286399448,"dayLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:32","moonsetLocal":"17:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:31","end":"10:53","startHours":9.52217325969875,"endHours":10.88369986769806,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:36","end":"14:58","startHours":13.60675308369668,"endHours":14.96827969169599,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:48","end":"08:10","startHours":6.799120043700129,"endHours":8.16064665169944,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:20","end":"09:42","startHours":9.340636378632174,"endHours":9.703710140765324,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:33","startHours":7.2529622463665655,"endHours":7.543421256073085,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:36","startHours":11.882152713564219,"endHours":12.608300237830518,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:21","end":"06:04","startHours":5.346824995167532,"endHours":6.07297251943383,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:53","end":"06:48","startHours":5.8914356383672555,"endHours":6.799120043700129,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:04","end":"14:47","startHours":14.060595286363117,"endHours":14.786742810629416,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:29","end":"17:53","startHours":17.49133290769461,"endHours":17.891332907694608,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:41","end":"18:09","startHours":17.69133290769461,"endHours":18.145175110361045,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:26","end":"19:11","startHours":17.44133290769461,"endHours":19.19133290769461,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:36","startHours":23.88215271356422,"endHours":24.608300237830516,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:48","end":"08:10","startHours":6.799120043700129,"endHours":8.16064665169944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:10","end":"09:31","startHours":8.16064665169944,"endHours":9.52217325969875,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:31","end":"10:53","startHours":9.52217325969875,"endHours":10.88369986769806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:53","end":"12:15","startHours":10.88369986769806,"endHours":12.245226475697368,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:15","end":"13:36","startHours":12.245226475697368,"endHours":13.60675308369668,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:36","end":"14:58","startHours":13.60675308369668,"endHours":14.96827969169599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:58","end":"16:20","startHours":14.96827969169599,"endHours":16.3298062996953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:20","end":"17:41","startHours":16.3298062996953,"endHours":17.69133290769461,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"17:41","end":"19:20","startHours":17.69133290769461,"endHours":19.3298062996953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:20","end":"20:58","startHours":19.3298062996953,"endHours":20.96827969169599,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:58","end":"22:36","startHours":20.96827969169599,"endHours":22.606753083696677,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:36","end":"00:15","startHours":22.606753083696677,"endHours":24.24522647569737,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:15","end":"01:53","startHours":24.24522647569737,"endHours":25.88369986769806,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:53","end":"03:31","startHours":25.88369986769806,"endHours":27.522173259698747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:31","end":"05:10","startHours":27.522173259698747,"endHours":29.160646651699437,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:10","end":"06:48","startHours":29.160646651699437,"endHours":30.79912004370013,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.799120043700129,"endHours":7.799120043700129,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.799120043700129,"endHours":8.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.799120043700128,"endHours":9.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.799120043700128,"endHours":10.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.799120043700128,"endHours":11.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.799120043700128,"endHours":12.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.799120043700128,"endHours":13.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.799120043700128,"endHours":14.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.799120043700128,"endHours":15.799120043700128,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.799120043700128,"endHours":16.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.79912004370013,"endHours":17.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.79912004370013,"endHours":18.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.79912004370013,"endHours":19.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.79912004370013,"endHours":20.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.79912004370013,"endHours":21.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.79912004370013,"endHours":22.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.79912004370013,"endHours":23.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.79912004370013,"endHours":24.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.79912004370013,"endHours":25.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.79912004370013,"endHours":26.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.79912004370013,"endHours":27.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.79912004370013,"endHours":28.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.79912004370013,"endHours":29.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":29.79912004370013,"endHours":30.79912004370013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-17.741113917109836,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":28.7154}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2405,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","saka_samvat":2270,"saka_samvatsara":"Vibhava","bengali_samvat":1755,"malayalam_era":1524,"nanakshahi_year":879,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_amanta":"Māgha","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2405 Vṛṣa · Śaka 2270 Vibhava"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2348 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2348 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:48, sūryāsta 17:41.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2348-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-05T09:30:33.414Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-05T09:30:33.414Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-05T09:30:33.414Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}