{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2028-07-25:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-07-25","date_display":"July 25, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461977.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.825,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":135.7486,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":37.9236,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9236},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":135.7486,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4152},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":233.5735},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461977.770833,"ahargana":1873512.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.252,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":98.388102,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":138.870502,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.0928},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":68.171402,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":97.41600199999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":150.00350200000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":53.46740199999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":16.322701999999992,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":272.3039,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":92.3039,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":7,"day":25,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461977.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":97.825,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":135.7486,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":37.9236,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.9236},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":135.7486,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4152},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":233.5735},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.093,"elongation":37.924},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.093,"opposition_distance":142.076}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-3,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.016,"elongation":2.314},{"offset_days":11,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.134,"opposition_distance":1.947}]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:22","sunsetLocal":"18:53","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.513539192532903,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 30 Mins 49 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 29 Mins 11 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:33","moonsetLocal":"21:05","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.501078983674063,"endHours":17.190271382740676,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:45","end":"10:26","startHours":8.744309387407611,"endHours":10.433501786474224,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:49","startHours":12.122694185540837,"endHours":13.81188658460745,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:31","end":"08:58","startHours":8.51908373419873,"endHours":8.969535040616494,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:56","end":"06:17","startHours":5.928988722296591,"endHours":6.289349767430801,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.672242879123074,"endHours":12.5731454919586,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:34","end":"04:28","startHours":3.5641193636033326,"endHours":4.46502197643886,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:14","end":"05:22","startHours":4.239796323229978,"endHours":5.365924589274386,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:17","startHours":14.374950717629655,"endHours":15.275853330465182,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:41","end":"19:05","startHours":18.67946378180729,"endHours":19.079463781807288,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:53","end":"19:27","startHours":18.87946378180729,"endHours":19.442527914829494,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:38","end":"20:23","startHours":18.62946378180729,"endHours":20.37946378180729,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.672242879123072,"endHours":24.573145491958602,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:22","end":"07:03","startHours":5.365924589274386,"endHours":7.055116988340999,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:03","end":"08:45","startHours":7.055116988340999,"endHours":8.744309387407611,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:45","end":"10:26","startHours":8.744309387407611,"endHours":10.433501786474224,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:26","end":"12:07","startHours":10.433501786474224,"endHours":12.122694185540837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:07","end":"13:49","startHours":12.122694185540837,"endHours":13.81188658460745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:49","end":"15:30","startHours":13.81188658460745,"endHours":15.501078983674063,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:30","end":"17:11","startHours":15.501078983674063,"endHours":17.190271382740676,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:11","end":"18:53","startHours":17.190271382740676,"endHours":18.87946378180729,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:53","end":"20:11","startHours":18.87946378180729,"endHours":20.190271382740676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:11","end":"21:30","startHours":20.190271382740676,"endHours":21.501078983674063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:30","end":"22:49","startHours":21.501078983674063,"endHours":22.81188658460745,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:49","end":"00:07","startHours":22.81188658460745,"endHours":24.122694185540837,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:07","end":"01:26","startHours":24.122694185540837,"endHours":25.433501786474224,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:26","end":"02:45","startHours":25.433501786474224,"endHours":26.74430938740761,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:45","end":"04:03","startHours":26.74430938740761,"endHours":28.055116988341,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:03","end":"05:22","startHours":28.055116988341,"endHours":29.365924589274385,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.365924589274386,"endHours":6.365924589274386,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.365924589274386,"endHours":7.365924589274386,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.365924589274386,"endHours":8.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.365924589274385,"endHours":9.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.365924589274385,"endHours":10.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.365924589274385,"endHours":11.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.365924589274385,"endHours":12.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.365924589274385,"endHours":13.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.365924589274385,"endHours":14.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.365924589274385,"endHours":15.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.365924589274385,"endHours":16.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.365924589274385,"endHours":17.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.365924589274385,"endHours":18.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.365924589274385,"endHours":19.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.365924589274385,"endHours":20.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.365924589274385,"endHours":21.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.365924589274385,"endHours":22.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.365924589274385,"endHours":23.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.365924589274385,"endHours":24.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.365924589274385,"endHours":25.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.365924589274385,"endHours":26.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.365924589274385,"endHours":27.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.365924589274385,"endHours":28.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.365924589274385,"endHours":29.365924589274385,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.567709833313494,"eotMinutes":-6.177651132450234,"ayanamsa":24.252}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 25, 2028 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 25, 2028 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:22, sūryāsta 18:53.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2028-07-25"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:59.914Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:59.914Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T06:31:59.914Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}