{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2023-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1836,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.19095499999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":327.90865499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.919},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":158.38485500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":144.242055,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":21.393655000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":107.74785500000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":309.37425499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":7.0937,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":187.0937,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460188.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871723.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.4492,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":326.6243,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":17,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":193.1751,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1751},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":326.6243,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.6243},"yoga":{"number":8,"name":"Dhṛti","sum_longitude":100.0736},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":32,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"elongation":166.825},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.919,"opposition_distance":13.175}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:40","sunsetLocal":"18:22","solarNoonLocal":"12:01","dayLengthHours":12.698553432086513,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 41 Mins 55 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 18 Mins 05 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:59","moonsetLocal":"06:52","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:25","end":"12:01","startHours":10.424480524137962,"endHours":12.011799703148778,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:11","end":"16:46","startHours":15.186438061170406,"endHours":16.77375724018122,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:15","end":"08:50","startHours":7.249842166116335,"endHours":8.83716134512715,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:38","end":"09:03","startHours":8.625518787925706,"endHours":9.04880390232859,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:11","end":"06:32","startHours":6.191629380109125,"endHours":6.530257471631432,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:35","end":"12:26","startHours":11.588514588745895,"endHours":12.435084817551662,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:58","end":"04:49","startHours":3.969382529493986,"endHours":4.815952758299753,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:36","end":"05:40","startHours":4.604310201098311,"endHours":5.662522987105521,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:08","end":"14:58","startHours":14.128225275163196,"endHours":14.974795503968963,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:10","end":"18:34","startHours":18.161076419192035,"endHours":18.561076419192034,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:22","end":"18:53","startHours":18.361076419192035,"endHours":18.89018281219564,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:07","end":"19:52","startHours":18.111076419192035,"endHours":19.861076419192035,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:35","end":"00:26","startHours":23.588514588745895,"endHours":24.43508481755166,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"05:40","end":"07:15","startHours":5.662522987105521,"endHours":7.249842166116335,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:15","end":"08:50","startHours":7.249842166116335,"endHours":8.83716134512715,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:50","end":"10:25","startHours":8.83716134512715,"endHours":10.424480524137962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:25","end":"12:01","startHours":10.424480524137962,"endHours":12.011799703148778,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:01","end":"13:36","startHours":12.011799703148778,"endHours":13.59911888215959,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:36","end":"15:11","startHours":13.59911888215959,"endHours":15.186438061170406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:11","end":"16:46","startHours":15.186438061170406,"endHours":16.77375724018122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:46","end":"18:22","startHours":16.77375724018122,"endHours":18.361076419192035,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:22","end":"19:46","startHours":18.361076419192035,"endHours":19.77375724018122,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:46","end":"21:11","startHours":19.77375724018122,"endHours":21.186438061170406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:11","end":"22:36","startHours":21.186438061170406,"endHours":22.599118882159594,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:36","end":"00:01","startHours":22.599118882159594,"endHours":24.011799703148778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:01","end":"01:25","startHours":24.011799703148778,"endHours":25.424480524137962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:25","end":"02:50","startHours":25.424480524137962,"endHours":26.83716134512715,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:50","end":"04:15","startHours":26.83716134512715,"endHours":28.249842166116338,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:15","end":"05:40","startHours":28.249842166116338,"endHours":29.662522987105522,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:40","end":"06:40","startHours":5.662522987105521,"endHours":6.662522987105521,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:40","end":"07:40","startHours":6.662522987105521,"endHours":7.662522987105521,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:40","end":"08:40","startHours":7.662522987105521,"endHours":8.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:40","end":"09:40","startHours":8.662522987105522,"endHours":9.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:40","end":"10:40","startHours":9.662522987105522,"endHours":10.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:40","end":"11:40","startHours":10.662522987105522,"endHours":11.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:40","end":"12:40","startHours":11.662522987105522,"endHours":12.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:40","end":"13:40","startHours":12.662522987105522,"endHours":13.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:40","end":"14:40","startHours":13.662522987105522,"endHours":14.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:40","end":"15:40","startHours":14.662522987105522,"endHours":15.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:40","end":"16:40","startHours":15.662522987105522,"endHours":16.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:40","end":"17:40","startHours":16.662522987105522,"endHours":17.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:40","end":"18:40","startHours":17.662522987105522,"endHours":18.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:40","end":"19:40","startHours":18.662522987105522,"endHours":19.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:40","end":"20:40","startHours":19.662522987105522,"endHours":20.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:40","end":"21:40","startHours":20.662522987105522,"endHours":21.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:40","end":"22:40","startHours":21.662522987105522,"endHours":22.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:40","end":"23:40","startHours":22.662522987105522,"endHours":23.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:40","end":"00:40","startHours":23.662522987105522,"endHours":24.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:40","end":"01:40","startHours":24.662522987105522,"endHours":25.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:40","end":"02:40","startHours":25.662522987105522,"endHours":26.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:40","end":"03:40","startHours":26.662522987105522,"endHours":27.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:40","end":"04:40","startHours":27.662522987105522,"endHours":28.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:40","end":"05:40","startHours":28.662522987105522,"endHours":29.662522987105522,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mṛtyu","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.428743593330648,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.1836}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2023 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2023 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 05:40, sūryāsta 18:22.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2023-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:59:30.274Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:59:30.274Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:59:30.274Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}