{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2013-09-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-09-16","date_display":"September 16, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456551.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868086.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":148.5395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.7877,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.2482,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2482},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.7877,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.7877},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":73.3272},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456551.770833,"ahargana":1868086.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0445,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.30201499999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":283.746715,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4828},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":107.78961500000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":166.520715,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":81.80271499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":191.29821500000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":194.17401500000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":199.7995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":19.7995,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456551.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868086.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":148.5395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":284.7877,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":136.2482,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.2482},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2,"moon_longitude":284.7877,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.7877},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":73.3272},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.483,"elongation":136.248},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.483,"opposition_distance":43.752}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:46","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"11:55","dayLengthHours":12.302652368254526,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:29","moonsetLocal":"02:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:19","end":"08:51","startHours":7.308433511392408,"endHours":8.846265057424224,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:23","end":"11:55","startHours":10.38409660345604,"endHours":11.921928149487854,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:28","end":"15:00","startHours":13.459759695519672,"endHours":14.997591241551486,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:38","end":"09:03","startHours":8.641220851286649,"endHours":9.0513092635618,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:17","end":"06:37","startHours":6.283212480704531,"endHours":6.611283210524652,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:31","end":"12:20","startHours":11.511839737212703,"endHours":12.332016561763005,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:08","end":"04:57","startHours":4.130248316259989,"endHours":4.950425140810291,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:45","end":"05:46","startHours":4.745380934672715,"endHours":5.7706019653605924,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:58","end":"14:48","startHours":13.972370210863609,"endHours":14.79254703541391,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.87325433361512,"endHours":18.273254333615117,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:35","startHours":18.073254333615118,"endHours":18.585864848959055,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.823254333615118,"endHours":19.573254333615118,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:31","end":"00:20","startHours":23.511839737212703,"endHours":24.332016561763005,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:46","end":"07:19","startHours":5.7706019653605924,"endHours":7.308433511392408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:19","end":"08:51","startHours":7.308433511392408,"endHours":8.846265057424224,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:51","end":"10:23","startHours":8.846265057424224,"endHours":10.38409660345604,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:23","end":"11:55","startHours":10.38409660345604,"endHours":11.921928149487854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:55","end":"13:28","startHours":11.921928149487854,"endHours":13.459759695519672,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:28","end":"15:00","startHours":13.459759695519672,"endHours":14.997591241551486,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:00","end":"16:32","startHours":14.997591241551486,"endHours":16.5354227875833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:32","end":"18:04","startHours":16.5354227875833,"endHours":18.073254333615118,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:04","end":"19:32","startHours":18.073254333615118,"endHours":19.535422787583304,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:32","end":"21:00","startHours":19.535422787583304,"endHours":20.997591241551486,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:00","end":"22:28","startHours":20.997591241551486,"endHours":22.459759695519672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:28","end":"23:55","startHours":22.459759695519672,"endHours":23.921928149487854,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:55","end":"01:23","startHours":23.921928149487854,"endHours":25.38409660345604,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:23","end":"02:51","startHours":25.38409660345604,"endHours":26.846265057424226,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:51","end":"04:19","startHours":26.846265057424226,"endHours":28.30843351139241,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:19","end":"05:46","startHours":28.30843351139241,"endHours":29.77060196536059,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:46","end":"06:46","startHours":5.7706019653605924,"endHours":6.7706019653605924,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:46","end":"07:46","startHours":6.7706019653605924,"endHours":7.7706019653605924,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:46","end":"08:46","startHours":7.7706019653605924,"endHours":8.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:46","end":"09:46","startHours":8.770601965360592,"endHours":9.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:46","end":"10:46","startHours":9.770601965360592,"endHours":10.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:46","end":"11:46","startHours":10.770601965360592,"endHours":11.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:46","end":"12:46","startHours":11.770601965360592,"endHours":12.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:46","end":"13:46","startHours":12.770601965360592,"endHours":13.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:46","end":"14:46","startHours":13.770601965360592,"endHours":14.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:46","end":"15:46","startHours":14.770601965360592,"endHours":15.770601965360592,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:46","end":"16:46","startHours":15.770601965360592,"endHours":16.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:46","end":"17:46","startHours":16.77060196536059,"endHours":17.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:46","end":"18:46","startHours":17.77060196536059,"endHours":18.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:46","end":"19:46","startHours":18.77060196536059,"endHours":19.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:46","end":"20:46","startHours":19.77060196536059,"endHours":20.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:46","end":"21:46","startHours":20.77060196536059,"endHours":21.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:46","end":"22:46","startHours":21.77060196536059,"endHours":22.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:46","end":"23:46","startHours":22.77060196536059,"endHours":23.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:46","end":"00:46","startHours":23.77060196536059,"endHours":24.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:46","end":"01:46","startHours":24.77060196536059,"endHours":25.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:46","end":"02:46","startHours":25.77060196536059,"endHours":26.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:46","end":"03:46","startHours":26.77060196536059,"endHours":27.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:46","end":"04:46","startHours":27.77060196536059,"endHours":28.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:46","end":"05:46","startHours":28.77060196536059,"endHours":29.77060196536059,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.6412987960412058,"eotMinutes":5.868311030728706,"ayanamsa":24.0445}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"vamana-jayanti","name":"Vāmana Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"वामन जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Vāmana (5th daśāvatāra of Krishna)","deity_avatara_index":15,"significance":"Vāmana's three-step measure of all worlds; Bali's surrender. (= Onam in Kerala.)","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":12,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2,"sources":["Bhāgavata 8.18-22"]},{"id":"onam","name":"Onam (Vāmana / King Bali)","name_sanskrit":"ओणम् (वामन-बलि स्मरण)","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Vāmana + King Bali","significance":"Kerala festival; King Bali's annual return to Kerala. Aligned with Thiru-Onam (Śravaṇa nakshatra in Bhādrapada).","vrata":false,"detection":{"nakshatra_name":"Śravaṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 16, 2013 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 16, 2013 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:46, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2013-09-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:15:13.695Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T03:15:13.695Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T03:15:13.695Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}