{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2001-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452121.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863656.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.5099,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.0064,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":131.4964,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4964},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.0064,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3397},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":338.5163},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452121.770833,"ahargana":1863656.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8751,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.04447299999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":237.257973,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.5019},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":232.05487300000004,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":97.40667300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":69.94877300000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":64.401273,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":48.202173000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":74.5222,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":254.5222,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452121.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863656.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.5099,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.0064,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":131.4964,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4964},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.0064,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.3397},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":338.5163},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":21,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.502,"elongation":131.496},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.502,"opposition_distance":48.504}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:25","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.41423719899771,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 51 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 09 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:47","moonsetLocal":"02:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:28","end":"17:09","startHours":15.47448220828861,"endHours":17.151261858163323,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.767363608789754,"endHours":10.444143258664468,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.120922908539182,"endHours":13.797702558413896,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:59","startHours":8.543792988806459,"endHours":8.99093422877305,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:20","startHours":5.972730858998565,"endHours":6.330443850971838,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.673781668572591,"endHours":12.568064148505773,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:38","end":"04:31","startHours":3.625239349173966,"endHours":4.519521829107147,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:25","startHours":4.295951209123851,"endHours":5.413804309040327,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:15","startHours":14.356629108372132,"endHours":15.250911588305312,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.628041508038038,"endHours":19.028041508038037,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:23","startHours":18.828041508038037,"endHours":19.386968057996274,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.578041508038037,"endHours":20.328041508038037,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.67378166857259,"endHours":24.568064148505773,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:25","end":"07:05","startHours":5.413804309040327,"endHours":7.090583958915041,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:05","end":"08:46","startHours":7.090583958915041,"endHours":8.767363608789754,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.767363608789754,"endHours":10.444143258664468,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:27","end":"12:07","startHours":10.444143258664468,"endHours":12.120922908539182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.120922908539182,"endHours":13.797702558413896,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:48","end":"15:28","startHours":13.797702558413896,"endHours":15.47448220828861,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:28","end":"17:09","startHours":15.47448220828861,"endHours":17.151261858163323,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:09","end":"18:50","startHours":17.151261858163323,"endHours":18.828041508038037,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:50","end":"20:09","startHours":18.828041508038037,"endHours":20.151261858163323,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:09","end":"21:28","startHours":20.151261858163323,"endHours":21.47448220828861,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:28","end":"22:48","startHours":21.47448220828861,"endHours":22.797702558413896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:48","end":"00:07","startHours":22.797702558413896,"endHours":24.120922908539182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:07","end":"01:27","startHours":24.120922908539182,"endHours":25.444143258664468,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:27","end":"02:46","startHours":25.444143258664468,"endHours":26.767363608789754,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:46","end":"04:05","startHours":26.767363608789754,"endHours":28.09058395891504,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:05","end":"05:25","startHours":28.09058395891504,"endHours":29.413804309040327,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":5.413804309040327,"endHours":6.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.413804309040327,"endHours":7.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.413804309040327,"endHours":8.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.413804309040327,"endHours":9.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.413804309040327,"endHours":10.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.413804309040327,"endHours":11.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.413804309040327,"endHours":12.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.413804309040327,"endHours":13.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.413804309040327,"endHours":14.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.413804309040327,"endHours":15.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.413804309040327,"endHours":16.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.413804309040327,"endHours":17.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.413804309040327,"endHours":18.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.413804309040327,"endHours":19.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.413804309040327,"endHours":20.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.413804309040327,"endHours":21.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.413804309040327,"endHours":22.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.413804309040327,"endHours":23.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.413804309040327,"endHours":24.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.413804309040327,"endHours":25.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.413804309040327,"endHours":26.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.413804309040327,"endHours":27.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.413804309040327,"endHours":28.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.413804309040327,"endHours":29.413804309040327,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.286025058723343,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.8751}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"pavitropana-ekadashi","name":"Pavitropanā Ekādaśī (Putradā)","name_sanskrit":"पवित्रोपना एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Confers son; pavitra (sacred thread) ceremony for Viṣṇu.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2001 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2001 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 05:25, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T10:57:21.057Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T10:57:21.057Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T10:57:21.057Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}