{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:2001-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452027.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863562.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0322,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":69.1495,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":69.1495,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4828},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":83.1817},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452027.770833,"ahargana":1863562.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8715,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.960264999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":69.06086499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8079},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":244.03416500000003,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":19.260164999999972,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":48.944965000000025,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":338.739265,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":36.936465,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":79.5028,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":259.5028,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452027.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863562.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":14.0322,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":69.1495,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":55.1173,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1173},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":69.1495,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4828},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":83.1817},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.808,"elongation":55.117},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.808,"opposition_distance":124.883}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:26","sunsetLocal":"18:32","solarNoonLocal":"11:59","dayLengthHours":13.102795771709836,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 06 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 53 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:46","moonsetLocal":"22:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:42","end":"10:20","startHours":8.702494887815543,"endHours":10.340344359279271,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:37","end":"15:15","startHours":13.61604330220673,"endHours":15.253892773670461,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:26","end":"07:04","startHours":5.426795944888084,"endHours":7.064645416351813,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:29","end":"08:55","startHours":8.484114958287044,"endHours":8.920874817344039,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:19","startHours":5.972745768709327,"endHours":6.3221536559549225,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:32","end":"12:25","startHours":11.541433971686008,"endHours":12.414953689799997,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:41","end":"04:33","startHours":3.6797565086601054,"endHours":4.553276226774095,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:20","end":"05:26","startHours":4.3348962972455976,"endHours":5.426795944888084,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:10","end":"15:02","startHours":14.161993126027976,"endHours":15.035512844141966,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:20","end":"18:44","startHours":18.32959171659792,"endHours":18.72959171659792,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:32","end":"19:05","startHours":18.52959171659792,"endHours":19.075541540419163,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:17","end":"20:02","startHours":18.27959171659792,"endHours":20.02959171659792,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:32","end":"00:25","startHours":23.541433971686008,"endHours":24.414953689799997,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:26","end":"07:04","startHours":5.426795944888084,"endHours":7.064645416351813,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:04","end":"08:42","startHours":7.064645416351813,"endHours":8.702494887815543,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:42","end":"10:20","startHours":8.702494887815543,"endHours":10.340344359279271,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:20","end":"11:59","startHours":10.340344359279271,"endHours":11.978193830743002,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:59","end":"13:37","startHours":11.978193830743002,"endHours":13.61604330220673,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:37","end":"15:15","startHours":13.61604330220673,"endHours":15.253892773670461,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:15","end":"16:54","startHours":15.253892773670461,"endHours":16.89174224513419,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:54","end":"18:32","startHours":16.89174224513419,"endHours":18.52959171659792,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:32","end":"19:54","startHours":18.52959171659792,"endHours":19.89174224513419,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:54","end":"21:15","startHours":19.89174224513419,"endHours":21.25389277367046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:15","end":"22:37","startHours":21.25389277367046,"endHours":22.616043302206734,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:37","end":"23:59","startHours":22.616043302206734,"endHours":23.978193830743002,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:59","end":"01:20","startHours":23.978193830743002,"endHours":25.34034435927927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:20","end":"02:42","startHours":25.34034435927927,"endHours":26.702494887815543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:42","end":"04:04","startHours":26.702494887815543,"endHours":28.064645416351816,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:04","end":"05:26","startHours":28.064645416351816,"endHours":29.426795944888084,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":5.426795944888084,"endHours":6.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.426795944888084,"endHours":7.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.426795944888084,"endHours":8.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.426795944888084,"endHours":9.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.426795944888084,"endHours":10.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.426795944888084,"endHours":11.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.426795944888084,"endHours":12.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.426795944888084,"endHours":13.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.426795944888084,"endHours":14.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.426795944888084,"endHours":15.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.426795944888084,"endHours":16.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.426795944888084,"endHours":17.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.426795944888084,"endHours":18.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.426795944888084,"endHours":19.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.426795944888084,"endHours":20.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.426795944888084,"endHours":21.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.426795944888084,"endHours":22.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.426795944888084,"endHours":23.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.426795944888084,"endHours":24.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.426795944888084,"endHours":25.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.426795944888084,"endHours":26.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.426795944888084,"endHours":27.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.426795944888084,"endHours":28.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.426795944888084,"endHours":29.426795944888084,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.119626607643049,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":23.8715}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"shankara-jayanti","name":"Ādi Śaṅkarācārya Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"आदि शङ्कराचार्य जयन्ती","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ādi Śaṅkarācārya","significance":"Birth of Ādi Śaṅkara at Kāladī, Kerala; Advaita-pratiṣṭhāpaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":5,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":3}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2001 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2001 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 05:26, sūryāsta 18:32.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/2001-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:59:33.838Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T11:59:33.838Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T11:59:33.838Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}