{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1998-09-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-09-20","date_display":"September 20, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451076.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862611.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.3204,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.9622,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.6419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6419},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.9622,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6289},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":298.2826},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451076.770833,"ahargana":1862611.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8351,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.05320000000006,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.5928,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.2445},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.37779999999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":148.0784,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":328.70180000000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":142.6316,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":8.682999999999993,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":129.8914,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":309.8914,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2451076.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862611.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.3204,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.9622,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":353.6419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6419},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.9622,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.6289},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":298.2826},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":58,"name":"Catuṣpāda"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.245,"elongation":6.358},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.245,"opposition_distance":173.642}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:48","sunsetLocal":"18:00","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":12.207812333012152,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:13","moonsetLocal":"17:35","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:29","end":"18:00","startHours":16.47521437885365,"endHours":18.00119092048017,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:54","end":"13:25","startHours":11.897284753974095,"endHours":13.423261295600613,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:57","end":"16:29","startHours":14.949237837227132,"endHours":16.47521437885365,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:03","startHours":8.64186813183752,"endHours":9.048795209604592,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:18","end":"06:38","startHours":6.3020374346768575,"endHours":6.627579096890515,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:29","end":"12:18","startHours":11.490357676207022,"endHours":12.304211831741167,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"04:59","startHours":4.165670276399731,"endHours":4.979524431933875,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:47","end":"05:48","startHours":4.776060893050339,"endHours":5.793378587468018,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:45","startHours":13.931920142809451,"endHours":14.745774298343594,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:48","end":"18:12","startHours":17.80119092048017,"endHours":18.20119092048017,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:00","end":"18:31","startHours":18.00119092048017,"endHours":18.50984976768901,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:45","end":"19:30","startHours":17.75119092048017,"endHours":19.50119092048017,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:29","end":"00:18","startHours":23.490357676207022,"endHours":24.304211831741167,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:48","end":"07:19","startHours":5.793378587468018,"endHours":7.319355129094537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:19","end":"08:51","startHours":7.319355129094537,"endHours":8.845331670721055,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:51","end":"10:22","startHours":8.845331670721055,"endHours":10.371308212347575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:22","end":"11:54","startHours":10.371308212347575,"endHours":11.897284753974095,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:54","end":"13:25","startHours":11.897284753974095,"endHours":13.423261295600613,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:25","end":"14:57","startHours":13.423261295600613,"endHours":14.949237837227132,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:57","end":"16:29","startHours":14.949237837227132,"endHours":16.47521437885365,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:29","end":"18:00","startHours":16.47521437885365,"endHours":18.00119092048017,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:00","end":"19:29","startHours":18.00119092048017,"endHours":19.47521437885365,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:29","end":"20:57","startHours":19.47521437885365,"endHours":20.94923783722713,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:57","end":"22:25","startHours":20.94923783722713,"endHours":22.42326129560061,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:25","end":"23:54","startHours":22.42326129560061,"endHours":23.897284753974095,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:54","end":"01:22","startHours":23.897284753974095,"endHours":25.371308212347575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:22","end":"02:51","startHours":25.371308212347575,"endHours":26.845331670721055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:51","end":"04:19","startHours":26.845331670721055,"endHours":28.31935512909454,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:19","end":"05:48","startHours":28.31935512909454,"endHours":29.79337858746802,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":5.793378587468018,"endHours":6.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.793378587468018,"endHours":7.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.793378587468018,"endHours":8.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.793378587468018,"endHours":9.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.793378587468018,"endHours":10.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.793378587468018,"endHours":11.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.793378587468018,"endHours":12.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.793378587468018,"endHours":13.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.793378587468018,"endHours":14.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.793378587468018,"endHours":15.793378587468018,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.793378587468018,"endHours":16.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.79337858746802,"endHours":17.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.79337858746802,"endHours":18.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.79337858746802,"endHours":19.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.79337858746802,"endHours":20.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.79337858746802,"endHours":21.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.79337858746802,"endHours":22.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.79337858746802,"endHours":23.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.79337858746802,"endHours":24.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.79337858746802,"endHours":25.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.79337858746802,"endHours":26.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.79337858746802,"endHours":27.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.79337858746802,"endHours":28.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.79337858746802,"endHours":29.79337858746802,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":1.2371119127169163,"eotMinutes":7.346914761554353,"ayanamsa":23.8351}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 20, 1998 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 20, 1998 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 05:48, sūryāsta 18:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1998-09-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T12:25:25.428Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T12:25:25.428Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T12:25:25.428Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}