{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1997-09-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-09-20","date_display":"September 20, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450711.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862246.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.5728,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":16.0057,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":223.4329,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.4329},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":16.0057,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6724},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":168.5785},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450711.770833,"ahargana":1862246.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8211,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":153.30354599999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.70734600000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.2774},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":210.064346,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":136.09864600000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":288.817146,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":195.44314600000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":354.563346,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":149.2308,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":329.2308,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":9,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450711.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862246.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":152.5728,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":16.0057,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":223.4329,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.4329},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":16.0057,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6724},"yoga":{"number":13,"name":"Vyāghāta","sum_longitude":168.5785},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":37,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.277,"elongation":136.567},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.277,"opposition_distance":43.433}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-18,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.043,"elongation":1.659}]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:48","sunsetLocal":"18:00","solarNoonLocal":"11:54","dayLengthHours":12.201479436821572,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"20:20","moonsetLocal":"09:31","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:51","end":"10:22","startHours":8.846914894768702,"endHours":10.3720998243714,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:25","end":"14:57","startHours":13.422469683576793,"endHours":14.947654613179488,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:48","end":"07:19","startHours":5.79654503556331,"endHours":7.321729965166006,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:39","end":"09:03","startHours":8.643556904155009,"endHours":9.050272885382395,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:18","end":"06:38","startHours":6.304940012097542,"endHours":6.63031279707945,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:29","end":"12:18","startHours":11.490568772746709,"endHours":12.30400073520148,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:10","end":"04:59","startHours":4.169681110653767,"endHours":4.983113073108538,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:47","end":"05:48","startHours":4.779755082494845,"endHours":5.79654503556331,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"13:56","end":"14:45","startHours":13.930864660111023,"endHours":14.744296622565795,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:48","end":"18:12","startHours":17.79802447238488,"endHours":18.19802447238488,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:00","end":"18:30","startHours":17.99802447238488,"endHours":18.50641944891911,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:45","end":"19:30","startHours":17.74802447238488,"endHours":19.49802447238488,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:29","end":"00:18","startHours":23.49056877274671,"endHours":24.30400073520148,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:48","end":"07:19","startHours":5.79654503556331,"endHours":7.321729965166006,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:19","end":"08:51","startHours":7.321729965166006,"endHours":8.846914894768702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:51","end":"10:22","startHours":8.846914894768702,"endHours":10.3720998243714,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:22","end":"11:54","startHours":10.3720998243714,"endHours":11.897284753974095,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:54","end":"13:25","startHours":11.897284753974095,"endHours":13.422469683576793,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:25","end":"14:57","startHours":13.422469683576793,"endHours":14.947654613179488,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:57","end":"16:28","startHours":14.947654613179488,"endHours":16.472839542782186,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:28","end":"18:00","startHours":16.472839542782186,"endHours":17.99802447238488,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:00","end":"19:28","startHours":17.99802447238488,"endHours":19.472839542782182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:28","end":"20:57","startHours":19.472839542782182,"endHours":20.947654613179488,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:57","end":"22:25","startHours":20.947654613179488,"endHours":22.422469683576793,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:25","end":"23:54","startHours":22.422469683576793,"endHours":23.897284753974095,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:54","end":"01:22","startHours":23.897284753974095,"endHours":25.372099824371396,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:22","end":"02:51","startHours":25.372099824371396,"endHours":26.8469148947687,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:51","end":"04:19","startHours":26.8469148947687,"endHours":28.321729965166007,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:19","end":"05:48","startHours":28.321729965166007,"endHours":29.79654503556331,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:48","end":"06:48","startHours":5.79654503556331,"endHours":6.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:48","end":"07:48","startHours":6.79654503556331,"endHours":7.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:48","end":"08:48","startHours":7.79654503556331,"endHours":8.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:48","end":"09:48","startHours":8.796545035563309,"endHours":9.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:48","end":"10:48","startHours":9.796545035563309,"endHours":10.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:48","end":"11:48","startHours":10.796545035563309,"endHours":11.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:48","end":"12:48","startHours":11.796545035563309,"endHours":12.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:48","end":"13:48","startHours":12.796545035563309,"endHours":13.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:48","end":"14:48","startHours":13.796545035563309,"endHours":14.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:48","end":"15:48","startHours":14.796545035563309,"endHours":15.796545035563309,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:48","end":"16:48","startHours":15.796545035563309,"endHours":16.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:48","end":"17:48","startHours":16.79654503556331,"endHours":17.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:48","end":"18:48","startHours":17.79654503556331,"endHours":18.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:48","end":"19:48","startHours":18.79654503556331,"endHours":19.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:48","end":"20:48","startHours":19.79654503556331,"endHours":20.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:48","end":"21:48","startHours":20.79654503556331,"endHours":21.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:48","end":"22:48","startHours":21.79654503556331,"endHours":22.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:48","end":"23:48","startHours":22.79654503556331,"endHours":23.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:48","end":"00:48","startHours":23.79654503556331,"endHours":24.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:48","end":"01:48","startHours":24.79654503556331,"endHours":25.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:48","end":"02:48","startHours":25.79654503556331,"endHours":26.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:48","end":"03:48","startHours":26.79654503556331,"endHours":27.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:48","end":"04:48","startHours":27.79654503556331,"endHours":28.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:48","end":"05:48","startHours":28.79654503556331,"endHours":29.79654503556331,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":1.143217507989274,"eotMinutes":7.346914761554353,"ayanamsa":23.8211}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 20, 1997 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 20, 1997 CE for Ayodhyā: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:48, sūryāsta 18:00.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1997-09-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T21:33:17.367Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T21:33:17.367Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T21:33:17.367Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}