{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:ayodhya:1993-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1993-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 1993 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449199.770833,"kali_year":5095,"ahargana":1860734.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.5765,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.0836,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":151.5071,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5071},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.0836,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7503},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.6601},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1993,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449199.770833,"ahargana":1860734.2708,"kali_year":5095,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7633,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":104.09211500000004,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.21671500000002,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.9526},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":148.833615,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":85.70671500000003,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":165.81771500000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":64.13341500000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":304.56811500000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":229.3439,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":49.3439,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449199.770833,"kali_year":5095,"ahargana":1860734.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.5765,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":255.0836,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":151.5071,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.5071},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":255.0836,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.7503},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":358.6601},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.953,"elongation":151.507},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.953,"opposition_distance":28.493}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"ayodhya","name":"Ayodhyā","lat":26.799,"lon":82.204,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Uttar Pradesh","country":"IN","tier":"tirtha"},"sunriseLocal":"05:25","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:07","dayLengthHours":13.415504436560676,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 24 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 35 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:59","moonsetLocal":"03:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.767046799399012,"endHours":10.443984853969097,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:48","end":"15:28","startHours":13.797860963109265,"endHours":15.47479901767935,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"05:25","end":"07:05","startHours":5.413170690258843,"endHours":7.090108744828927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"08:33","end":"08:59","startHours":8.543455058789668,"endHours":8.990638540008357,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"05:58","end":"06:20","startHours":5.972150041782204,"endHours":6.329896826757156,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:40","end":"12:34","startHours":11.673739427320493,"endHours":12.56810638975787,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"03:37","end":"04:31","startHours":3.624436765384086,"endHours":4.5188037278214646,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:18","end":"05:25","startHours":4.29521198721212,"endHours":5.413170690258843,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:15","startHours":14.356840314632626,"endHours":15.251207277070003,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.62867512681952,"endHours":19.02867512681952,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:23","startHours":18.82867512681952,"endHours":19.38765447834288,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.57867512681952,"endHours":20.32867512681952,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:40","end":"00:34","startHours":23.67373942732049,"endHours":24.568106389757872,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:25","end":"07:05","startHours":5.413170690258843,"endHours":7.090108744828927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:05","end":"08:46","startHours":7.090108744828927,"endHours":8.767046799399012,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:46","end":"10:27","startHours":8.767046799399012,"endHours":10.443984853969097,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:27","end":"12:07","startHours":10.443984853969097,"endHours":12.120922908539182,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:07","end":"13:48","startHours":12.120922908539182,"endHours":13.797860963109265,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:48","end":"15:28","startHours":13.797860963109265,"endHours":15.47479901767935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:28","end":"17:09","startHours":15.47479901767935,"endHours":17.151737072249432,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:09","end":"18:50","startHours":17.151737072249432,"endHours":18.82867512681952,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:50","end":"20:09","startHours":18.82867512681952,"endHours":20.151737072249436,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:09","end":"21:28","startHours":20.151737072249436,"endHours":21.47479901767935,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:28","end":"22:48","startHours":21.47479901767935,"endHours":22.797860963109265,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:48","end":"00:07","startHours":22.797860963109265,"endHours":24.120922908539182,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:07","end":"01:27","startHours":24.120922908539182,"endHours":25.4439848539691,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:27","end":"02:46","startHours":25.4439848539691,"endHours":26.76704679939901,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:46","end":"04:05","startHours":26.76704679939901,"endHours":28.090108744828928,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:05","end":"05:25","startHours":28.090108744828928,"endHours":29.413170690258845,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:25","end":"06:25","startHours":5.413170690258843,"endHours":6.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:25","end":"07:25","startHours":6.413170690258843,"endHours":7.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:25","end":"08:25","startHours":7.413170690258843,"endHours":8.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:25","end":"09:25","startHours":8.413170690258843,"endHours":9.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:25","end":"10:25","startHours":9.413170690258843,"endHours":10.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:25","end":"11:25","startHours":10.413170690258843,"endHours":11.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:25","end":"12:25","startHours":11.413170690258843,"endHours":12.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:25","end":"13:25","startHours":12.413170690258843,"endHours":13.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:25","end":"14:25","startHours":13.413170690258843,"endHours":14.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:25","end":"15:25","startHours":14.413170690258843,"endHours":15.413170690258843,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:25","end":"16:25","startHours":15.413170690258843,"endHours":16.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:25","end":"17:25","startHours":16.413170690258845,"endHours":17.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:25","end":"18:25","startHours":17.413170690258845,"endHours":18.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:25","end":"19:25","startHours":18.413170690258845,"endHours":19.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:25","end":"20:25","startHours":19.413170690258845,"endHours":20.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:25","end":"21:25","startHours":20.413170690258845,"endHours":21.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:25","end":"22:25","startHours":21.413170690258845,"endHours":22.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:25","end":"23:25","startHours":22.413170690258845,"endHours":23.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:25","end":"00:25","startHours":23.413170690258845,"endHours":24.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:25","end":"01:25","startHours":24.413170690258845,"endHours":25.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:25","end":"02:25","startHours":25.413170690258845,"endHours":26.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:25","end":"03:25","startHours":26.413170690258845,"endHours":27.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:25","end":"04:25","startHours":27.413170690258845,"endHours":28.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:25","end":"05:25","startHours":28.413170690258845,"endHours":29.413170690258845,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Utpāta","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":18.30253003353253,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":23.7633}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2050,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vyaya","saka_samvat":1915,"saka_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","bengali_samvat":1400,"malayalam_era":1169,"nanakshahi_year":524,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_amanta":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2050 Vyaya · Śaka 1915 Śrīmukha"},"festivals":[{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"ayodhya"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 1993 CE · Ayodhyā · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 1993 CE for Ayodhyā: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 05:25, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/ayodhya/1993-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:11:10.919Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:11:10.919Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T17:11:10.919Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}